30 年 に わたる 3 千 8 百万 の 遺書 に 基づく 人間 の 基本 的 な 価値 の 探求
David M Markowitz1, Thomas Mazzuchi2, Stylianos Syropoulos3
1Department of Communication, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824.
まとめ
遺書には 伝統と善意が 共通している社会的な価値が表れています 9・11やCOVID-19のような大きな出来事は 安全性や善意といった価値観への反省を 変えたのです
科学分野:
- 心理学について
- 社会学
- 文化研究
背景:
- 社会的な価値観は,死後に個人がどのように記憶されるかに反映されています.
- 遺書には 集団と個人の価値観の 独特のレンズがあります
- 文化的な優先順位や変化を 明らかにできるのです
研究 の 目的:
- 何百万というアメリカ人の 遺書に書かれている 個人的な価値観を分析する
- 大規模な文化イベントが遺産の価値反映にどのように影響するかを検討する.
- 人口統計の違い (性別,年齢) を調べる
主な方法:
- 3800万件の死亡報告を分析した
- シュワルツの基本的人的価値観の理論の応用
- 主要な歴史的出来事と人口統計に関連する価値動向の統計的調査.
主要な成果:
- 伝統と善意は最も頻繁に反映された価値観でした.
- 9・11や2008年の金融危機やCOVID-19のような大きな出来事は 価値の反映 (安全性,業績,善意など) の大きな変化と相関しています
- 性別や年齢が記憶する価値に影響し,男性は達成/権力,女性は善意/快楽主義;高齢者は伝統/適合性.
結論:
- 文化的なタイムカプセルとして機能し 社会的な価値観を反映しています
- 価値の反映はダイナミックで,重要な社会的な出来事や人口統計的要因の影響を受けます.
- この研究は,さまざまな文脈と人口統計で,米国で"よく生きられた生活"を構成するものの洞察を提供します.
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