自閉症スペクトル障害や知的障害を持つ子供の診断が遅れている
Janaína Aparecida de Oliveira Augusto1, Carolina Kulcsar Caravieri1, Rodrigo Genaro Arduini2
1Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
Dementia & neuropsychologia
|August 27, 2025
まとめ
自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) と知的障害 (ID) の診断が遅れていることは,開発途上国では一般的です. 早期発見と診断はASDとIDの子どもへの効果的な介入と支援に不可欠です
科学分野:
- 小児神経学
- 発達心理学
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- 発達途上国では 自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) や知的障害 (ID) のような神経発達障害の診断に 相当な遅れがあります
- 両親の懸念は 診断に大きく先立って 適切な介入に影響を及ぼします
- 早期発見はASDとIDの子どもたちの 改善に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- ブラジルの小児神経科の診療所で 両親の懸念とASDとIDの診断の間の時間差を決定する.
- 認知機能の指標とASDとIDの子供の行動/感情的な問題との関連を調査する.
主な方法:
- ブラジルの公衆衛生ネットワークでID (n=69) とASD (n=37) と診断された106人の子どもを対象とした研究です.
- 入会基準:IDとASDの診断 排除基準:ADHDや特定の学習障害などの併発性疾患
- 最初の症状の年齢,診断までの時間,認知機能,行動/感情の問題について収集されたデータ.
主要な成果:
- 両親の懸念とASDとIDの両方の診断の間の有意な遅延が観察され,最初の懸念から約6. 6~6. 8年後に診断が行われました.
- 認知機能のスコアはASDの子供と比べるとかなり低かった.
- 認知症の子どもは 外向的な問題点が高く ASDの子どもは 内向的な問題点が高く
結論:
- この研究では,研究対象集団におけるASDとIDの遅い診断が確認されました.
- 発見はASDとIDの早期発見と診断のためのプライマリケア専門家の訓練の必要性を強調しています.
- 早期発見戦略の改善は 神経発達障害の適切な介入とより良い管理に不可欠です
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