標高 と 地面 の 明るさ に よっ て の 背面 の 色 が 異なっ て いる
José J Cuervo1, María C Durán-García1,2, Josabel Belliure2
1Department of Evolutionary Ecology, National Museum of Natural Sciences (MNCN-CSIC), Calle José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, Madrid 28006, Spain.
Current zoology
|August 27, 2025
まとめ
脊椎の色彩は高さや地面の暗さによって変化し,特に雄の場合は暗号化と光保護の仮説を裏付けている. 熱性メラニズムが 軽微な役割を果たします
科学分野:
- エコロジー
- 進化生物学
- ヘルペトロジー
背景:
- 動物の色付けの非信号機能には 温度調節,紫外線保護,捕食者の隠蔽が含まれます.
- 棘足のトカゲ (Acanthodactylus erythrurus) は,イベリア半島全体で多種多様な背中の色合いを表しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 棘足のトカゲの背中の色が,温度調節,光保護,暗号化に関連する環境要因によってどのように変化するか調査する.
- これらの変異が異なる性別における色彩の機能に関する特定の仮説を支持するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- イベリア半島の 19 種の棘足のトカゲから 背中の色を集めたデータです
- 環境データ (緯度,高さ,温度,太陽放射線) とともに,写真から得られた背面の明るさと地表の明るさ.
- 性別と環境のパラメータに関連した色差を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 男性は特に高地や暗い地面で,より暗い,よりコントラストのある背中を示し,暗号化と光保護をサポートしました.
- 雌はより暗い地面で黒い色を示し,より高い高度で黒い色を示しました.
- 背中の明るさの変動は,両方の性別で場所内の地面の明るさの変動と相関しています.
結論:
- 棘足のトカゲの背中の色は局所的に適応し,主に暗号化と光保護仮説を支持し,熱メラニズムに対する支持は弱い.
- 性別特有の選択圧力は,この種の背中の色彩パターンに影響します.
関連する概念動画
01:46Types of Selection
41.4K
Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
41.4K
01:21Testing a Claim about Mean: Unknown Population SD
3.6K
A complete procedure of testing a hypothesis about a population mean when the population standard deviation is unknown is explained here.
Estimating a population mean requires the samples to be approximately normally distributed. The data should be collected from the randomly selected samples having no sampling bias. There is no specific requirement for sample size. But if the sample size is less than 30, and we don't know the population standard deviation, a different approach is used;...
Estimating a population mean requires the samples to be approximately normally distributed. The data should be collected from the randomly selected samples having no sampling bias. There is no specific requirement for sample size. But if the sample size is less than 30, and we don't know the population standard deviation, a different approach is used;...
3.6K
01:07Speciation Rates
21.4K
Overview
21.4K
02:27Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
6.7K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
6.7K
01:39Epistasis
47.6K
In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
47.6K
01:19Pigmentation
2.6K
The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
2.6K