腸-脳軸:腸微生物群の変化と自閉症スペクトル障害の相互関係を理解する
Anushka P Mishra1, Laura M Marrelli2, Felicia T Bonner-Reid3
1Medicine, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, IND.
Cureus
|August 27, 2025
まとめ
自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) は腸の機能不全と関連しており,腸-脳軸に影響を及ぼします. 腸内微生物群を標的とした新興治療法は ASDの症状の管理に 有望な結果を示しています
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 微生物学
- 胃腸内科
背景:
- 自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) は,遺伝的,環境的,免疫的要因に影響される複雑な神経発達状態です.
- ASDの病理生理学における 微生物群-腸-脳軸の役割はますます認識されています
- 胃腸 (GI) 症状はASDの子供に多く見られ,行動の問題と相関しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 腸の機能不全とASDの相関を検証する
- ASDの管理戦略に対する腸内障害の影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- ASDにおける微生物群-腸-脳軸に焦点を当てた文献レビュー
- ASDにおける消化器官症状,腸の浸透性,および神経障害を調査した研究の分析.
- 現在の治療法と新しい治療法の検討
主要な成果:
- 腸内不活性症は,神経学的,免疫学的,内分泌学的経路を通じた腸-脳軸の障害を伴う.
- ディスバイオシスは炎症性サイトカインの増加,神経伝達物質の生成の変化,腸内代謝物の変化につながる.
- プロバイオティクス,プレバイオティクス,糞便微生物移植 (FMT),食事の変化などの治療は潜在的ですが,さらなる研究が必要です.
結論:
- 腸内微生物群によって調節される腸-脳軸は ASDに大きく関わっています
- 腸の機能不全を標的とした治療戦略は,ASDの管理の可能性を秘めています.
- ASDに対する腸を中心とした介入の有効性と安全性を検証するには,さらなる研究が不可欠です.
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