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Reason and Intuition

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The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...

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Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...

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Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum

Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum

Published on: February 15, 2015

推論作業中のダイナミックな脳状態:共活性化パターン分析

Fatemeh Hasanzadeh¹, Christian Habeck², Yaakov Stern²

¹Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, NY, NY, USA; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, NY, NY, USA.

|August 27, 2025

まとめ

この要約は機械生成です。

同活性化パターン (CAP) 分析は,推論中に動的脳状態を明らかにします. タスク関連のCAPはパフォーマンスを向上させ老化はこのパターンを変化させ認知機能に影響を与えます

キーワード:

脳ネットワークのダイナミクス同活性化パターン (CAP) 分析認知能力ダイナミックな脳状態機能MRI (機能MRI)推論の課題

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Transferring Cognitive Tasks Between Brain Imaging Modalities: Implications for Task Design and Results Interpretation in fMRI Studies

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Published on: September 22, 2014

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum

Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum

Published on: February 15, 2015

Correlating Behavioral Responses to fMRI Signals from Human Prefrontal Cortex: Examining Cognitive Processes Using Task Analysis

Correlating Behavioral Responses to fMRI Signals from Human Prefrontal Cortex: Examining Cognitive Processes Using Task Analysis

Published on: June 20, 2012

Transferring Cognitive Tasks Between Brain Imaging Modalities: Implications for Task Design and Results Interpretation in fMRI Studies

Transferring Cognitive Tasks Between Brain Imaging Modalities: Implications for Task Design and Results Interpretation in fMRI Studies

Published on: September 22, 2014

科学分野:

神経科学
認知科学
心理学

背景:

脳の活動には時間的な変化があり通常はfMRIでは見逃されます
同活性化パターン (CAP) 分析は,一時的な脳状態を研究するための枠組みを提供します.
認知的なタスク,特に推論における CAPに関する研究は限られている.

研究の目的:

推論のタスク中に共活性化パターン (CAPs) を調査する.
CAP,認知能力,年齢などの個人の違いの関係を調べる.
CAPの機能的関連性を評価する.

主な方法:

303人の参加者のfMRIデータにCAP分析を適用した. 推論のタスクと休息状態で.
異なるCAPを特定するために利用されたK-meansクラスタリング.
時間的な指標 (占有率,居住時間,移行) と認知能力と年齢との関連を分析した.

主要な成果:

4つの異なるCAPを特定した.CAP2とCAP3は推論中に関与し,視覚,デフォルトモード,およびセンソモーターネットワークと重複した.
CAP2とCAP3の長時間滞在とより高い占有率は,よりよい推論性能と相関しています.
加齢は,タスクに関連したCAPの関与の減少と,ベースライン状態への移行の増加と関連していました.

結論:

CAP分析によって捉えられる脳の状態のダイナミックな再構成は推論に不可欠です
CAP分析は一時的な脳機能と個々の認知の違いを研究するための貴重なツールです.
発見は認知機能に影響する年齢関連の脳の動態の変化を強調しています.