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Working Memory01:24

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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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タスクスイッチングにおける意味論と実行力の柔軟性の相互作用を探る

Giada Viviani1, Irene Di Pietro2, Erin M Buchanan3

  • 1Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, Padova, 35131, IT, Italy.

Scientific reports
|August 27, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

この研究では 変化するタスクに適応する上で重要な 認知の柔軟性には 執行力と意味論のコントロールの両方が 含まれていることが明らかになりました 共有されたメカニズムがこれらの能力の基礎となっているが,意味処理には独特の言語的影響がある.

キーワード:
認知制御認知の柔軟性実行管理セマンティック・コग्निションセマンティック・コントロールタスクスイッチング

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科学分野:

  • 認知心理学
  • 神経科学
  • 言語学

背景:

  • 知覚の柔軟性は 重要な実行機能であり 変化する作業の要求に 行動の適応を可能にします
  • エクゼクティブ・フレキシビリティはよく研究されているが,セマンティック・フレキシビリティ (概念の意味の切り替え) はあまり理解されていない.
  • 現存する研究では,タスクスイッチングのパラダイムを使用して,エグゼクティブコントロールを評価しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 新しい意味のタスクスイッチングのパラダイムを導入し,検証する.
  • 実行と意味の柔軟性を直接比較する.
  • エクゼクティブとセマンティック・フレキシビリティの相互作用と共有メカニズムを調査する.

主な方法:

  • 新しい意味のタスクスイッチング パラダイムを開発した.
  • エグゼクティブの柔軟性を測定するために,視覚空間的なタスクスイッチングパラダイムを使用しました.
  • 人間の参加者に対して 2つの行動実験を行いました

主要な成果:

  • エクゼクティブとセマンティックなタスクのスイッチングの両方で重要なコストが観察されました.
  • エクゼクティブとセマンティック・フレキシビリティの測定値の間には中等から強い相関が認められた.
  • 意味論的パフォーマンスは,刺激の言語的および意味論的性質によって調節された.

結論:

  • 発見は,特定のタスクに適応する認知の柔軟性のための領域全体のメカニズムをサポートします.
  • エグゼクティブ・フレキシビリティと セマンティック・フレキシビリティは 神経や認知の仕組みを 共有しているようです
  • セマンティック・コントロールは 言語的・概念的要因に 影響された独特の特徴を示しています