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新生児手術における手術部位感染率に対する予防抗生物質の持続時間の影響: 多中心の遡及的観察研究
Tomohiro Sunouchi1, Jun Fujishiro2, Koji Oba3
1Department of Pediatric Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
まとめ
新生児の手術において,手術後の抗生物質予防 (PAP) を24時間未満に短縮することは,手術部位感染 (SSI) のリスクを増加させるようには見えない. 長い作業時間と未完了の手続きは,SSIの重要なリスク要因です.
科学分野:
- 小児外科
- 感染症対策
- 抗生物質の管理
背景:
- 手術部位感染 (SSI) は,新生児の手術において重大な懸念事項である.
- 術後の抗生物質予防 (PAP) の期間を最適化することは,抗生物質耐性を最小限に抑えながら感染予防に不可欠です.
- 現行のガイドラインでは,PAPの延長が推奨されているが,新生児に対する証拠は,さらなる評価を必要としている.
研究 の 目的:
- 新生児における手術後の抗生物質予防 (PAP) の期間と手術部位感染 (SSI) の発生率との関連を調査する.
- この脆弱な患者集団におけるSSIに寄与する独立した危険因子を特定する.
主な方法:
- 2014年から2023年の間に7つの施設で手術を受けた983人の新生児を対象に遡及的なコホート研究が行われました.
- 患者の人口統計,手術手順,抗生物質予防に関するデータは,電子医療記録から抽出されました.
- PAPの持続時間に関連するリスクの差を推定するために,修正された最小二乗回帰モデルが使用されました.
主要な成果:
- 983人の新生児のうち91人 (9%) がSSIを発症した. 大多数の患者 (75%) は24時間以上 PAP を服用しました.
- PAPを24時間未満投与した新生児と24時間以上投与された新生児のSSIリスクの統計的に有意な違いは認められなかった.
- SSIの独立した危険因子には,120分を超える手術時間,以前の手術歴,およびオープン手術を受けたことが含まれていた.
結論:
- 術後の抗生物質予防の期間 (24時間未満) は安全であり,新生児手術における手術部位感染症のリスクを増加させない場合があります.
- 新生児の手術患者に対する 標的型予防戦略には 長い手術時間やオープン手術のような 特定のリスク要因を特定することが不可欠です
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