尿路感染症の疑いのあるサンプルを迅速にスクリーニングするための人工ニューラルネットワーク
Cristiano Ialongo1, Marco Ciotti2, Alfredo Giovannelli3,4
1Department of Experimental Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I, 'Sapienza' University, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
まとめ
機械学習モデルは 陰性尿サンプルを効果的に検出し 不必要な微生物培養を減らすことができます 人工ニューラルネットワークは,尿分析の臨床決定を支援する見込みを示しています.
科学分野:
- 臨床診断
- 医療における人工知能
- 尿の分析
背景:
- 尿の微生物分析は 汚染されやすいので 偽陽性と遅延が起こります
- デジタル化と機械学習 (ML) は 臨床的意思決定支援のための 潜在的な解決策を提供します
- 汚染は誤った診断と 医療資源の非効率的な配分につながります
研究 の 目的:
- ネガティブと汚染された尿サンプルを事前に特定するための単純な人工ニューラルネットワーク (ANN) の使用を調査する.
- 尿サンプル分析のための機械学習モデルを開発し評価する.
- 偽陽性診断と不必要な微生物培養を減らすために
主な方法:
- 8181個の尿サンプル (細胞学,試験棒,培養) を用いた多層感知器 (MLP) モデルを開発した.
- 訓練とテストのためのランダムに分割データ 2:1; 重要度の低い変数は除外.
- モデルの主要な入力として微生物と尿の色/ウロビリノゲンデータを利用した.
主要な成果:
- MLPモデルは96.5%のネガティブ予測値と87.2%のポジティブ予測値を達成した.
- 汚染された試料は 誤ってネガティブと分類されました
- 培養物の0.82%を不必要な微生物培養物 (UMC) として特定した.
結論:
- ANNモデルは,有意なバクテリウリアの検出に役立つ,負の尿サンプルを確実にスクリーンします.
- このモデルは否定的な結果を排除するのに有効ですが,肯定的な結果を確認するのに有効ではありません.
- 形状学的データを組み込むことで,誤差の精度や減少をさらに改善することができます.
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