頭頸部がんにおける味覚機能障害:病理生理学と臨床管理 - 総合的なレビュー
Luigi Sardellitti1,2, Enrica Filigheddu2, Giorgio Mastandrea1
1Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Biomedicines
|August 28, 2025
まとめ
味覚障害は頭頸がん (HNC) の患者に多く見られ,栄養と生活の質に影響します. 現在の管理戦略は限られた証拠を示しており,この一般的な合併症に対する効果的な治療法に関するさらなる研究が必要であることを強調しています.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 耳鼻喉科
- 栄養学
背景:
- 味覚障害は,頭頸部がん (HNC) 患者の一般的な合併症です.
- 栄養摂取,治療の遵守,生活の質 (QoL) を著しく損なう.
研究 の 目的:
- HNCにおける味覚機能障害の病理生理学的メカニズムに関する現在の知識を統合する.
- 化学療法と放射線療法を受けているHNC患者における味覚機能障害の臨床管理戦略をレビューする.
主な方法:
- PubMed,Scopus,Cochrane Library (2015年1月から2025年2月まで) で体系的な文献検索が行われました.
- 47件のオリジナルの研究は,異質性によるナラティブ・シンセシスで分析された.
- HNCに関連する味覚機能障害,そのメカニズム,および治療法に焦点を当てた研究が含まれています.
主要な成果:
- 味覚機能障害は腫瘍の炎症,化学療法,放射線療法に起因し,相乗効果が観察されています.
- 罹患率は39%から97. 4%で,放射線治療を受けた患者では特に高い.
- 特定された管理戦略には,食事カウンセリング,サプリメント (亜鉛,ラクトフェリン),治療や光生物調節などの介入が含まれていますが,証拠は限られています.
結論:
- 味覚障害は,HNC患者における未解決の臨床的課題です.
- 標準化された評価と証拠に基づいた管理戦略には高品質な研究が必要です.
- 改善された介入は 患者の成果と生活の質の向上に不可欠です
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