戦闘機パイロットにおける肺機能の変化
Alexander Lengersdorf1, Janina Post1, Norbert Guettler1
1German Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine, 51147 Cologne, Germany.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
まとめ
高性能航空機 (HPA) のパイロットにおいて,G (PBG) の間におけるポジティブ・プレッシャー・呼吸は肺機能を著しく悪化させなかった. PBGではなく年齢が パイロットの肺容量減少の主な要因でした
科学分野:
- 航空宇宙医学
- 肺科
- 労働衛生について
背景:
- 技術の進歩により,高性能航空機 (HPA) の操縦士のストレスプロファイルが変化しました.
- パイロットは,高G力の生理学的効果を相殺するために,G (PBG) 時の抗Gスーツとポジティブプレッシャー呼吸を使用します.
- 戦闘機パイロット肺機能に対するPBGの長期的な影響は調査が必要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 戦闘機パイロットの肺機能に PBG の長期的な影響を調査する.
- PBGに曝されたパイロットと非曝されたパイロットの肺機能の変化を比較する.
- 軍事飛行士の肺機能低下に影響を与える要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- ドイツ軍パイロット (1972年−2024年) の臨床結果の遡及分析
- PBGを持つHPA,PBGのないHPA,固定翼飛行士の3つのグループで1838人の被験者を含みます.
- FVC,FEV1,FEV1/FVCを含む肺機能パラメータを分析した.
主要な成果:
- PBGを使用したHPAパイロットでは,強制生命能力 (FVC) の有意な低下は観察されなかった.
- PBGのないHPAパイロットではFVCの減少が認められた.
- FEV1とFEV1/FVCは全ての試験群で著しく減少した.
- 年齢と航空機のタイプは,FVCとFEV1の変化の重要な予測要因でした.
結論:
- PBGとG力の増加に曝されたHPAのパイロットにおける肺機能は,他のパイロットグループと比較して有意に悪化しなかった.
- PBGを使用したパイロットでは,肺機能の悪化があまり顕著ではなかった.
- 飛行士の肺機能の衰えを 引き起こす主な要因は年齢であった.
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