Jove
Visualize
お問い合わせ
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
JoVEについて
概要リーダーシップブログJoVEヘルプセンター
著者向け
出版プロセス編集委員会範囲と方針査読よくある質問投稿
図書館員向け
推薦の声購読アクセスリソース図書館諮問委員会よくある質問
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experimentsアーカイブ
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教員リソースセンター教員サイト
利用規約
プライバシーポリシー
ポリシー

関連する概念動画

Carboxylic Acids to Esters: Acid-Catalyzed (Fischer) Esterification Mechanism01:13

Carboxylic Acids to Esters: Acid-Catalyzed (Fischer) Esterification Mechanism

8.2K
Carboxylic acids react with alcohols to yield esters via an acid-catalyzed condensation reaction called Fischer esterification. This is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction that proceeds via a tetrahedral intermediate, where a water molecule is eliminated as the leaving group.
8.2K
Esters to Carboxylic Acids: Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis01:13

Esters to Carboxylic Acids: Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis

3.1K
Hydrolysis of esters under acidic conditions proceeds through a nucleophilic acyl substitution. In the presence of excess water, the reaction proceeds in a reversible manner, forming carboxylic acids and alcohols.
During hydrolysis, the ester is first activated towards nucleophilic attack through the protonation of the carboxyl oxygen atom by the acid catalyst. The protonation makes the ester carbonyl carbon more electrophilic. In the next step, water acts as a nucleophile and adds to the...
3.1K
Esters to β-Ketoesters: Claisen Condensation Mechanism01:08

Esters to β-Ketoesters: Claisen Condensation Mechanism

3.8K
Regular Claisen condensation involves the synthesis of β-ketoesters by combining identical ester molecules bearing two α hydrogens in the presence of an alkoxide base. The reaction commences with the deprotonation of the acidic α hydrogen by the base to form a resonance stabilized ester enolate. This nucleophilic ion then attacks the carbonyl center of another ester molecule to generate a tetrahedral alkoxide intermediate. Next, the expulsion of the alkoxide group from the...
3.8K
Preparation and Reactions of Thiols02:33

Preparation and Reactions of Thiols

6.7K
Thiols are prepared using the hydrosulfide anion as a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alkyl halides. For instance, bromobutane reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to give butanethiol.
6.7K
Carboxylic Acids to Esters: Acid-Catalyzed (Fischer) Esterification Overview01:20

Carboxylic Acids to Esters: Acid-Catalyzed (Fischer) Esterification Overview

18.5K
The Fischer esterification reaction was developed by the German chemist Emil Fischer in 1895. It is a condensation reaction between carboxylic acids and alcohols in an acidic medium to give esters and water.
18.5K
Acid Halides to Esters: Alcoholysis01:12

Acid Halides to Esters: Alcoholysis

3.1K
Alcoholysis is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction in which an alcohol functions as a nucleophile. Acid halides react with alcohol to produce esters. The mechanism proceeds in three steps:
3.1K

こちらも読む

関連記事

共著者、ジャーナル、引用グラフによってこの研究に関連する記事。

並び替え
Same author

The Formose Reaction with SO<sub>2</sub>: A Computational Study.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Dual-Defect Donor-Acceptor Pairing in Metal Oxide Semiconductors for Enhanced CO<sub>2</sub> Photoreduction.

Nano letters·2025
Same author

Sulfur Analogs of the Core Formose Cycle: A Free Energy Map.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Exploring the Core Formose Cycle: Catalysis and Competition.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Preliminary Free Energy Map of Prebiotic Compounds Formed from CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2022
Same author

Thermodynamics of Potential CHO Metabolites in a Reducing Environment.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2021
Same journal

Correction: Yalçın et al. Impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Cardiovascular Risk Scores, Metabolic Parameters, and Laboratory Profiles in Type 2 Diabetes. <i>Life</i> 2025, <i>15</i>, 722.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Correction: Schubert et al. Minimally Invasive Ablation Strategies for Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Ineligible for Surgery. <i>Life</i> 2026, <i>16</i>, 73.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Blood Group Antigen Combinations and COVID-19: Complexity, Associations and Possible Clinical Relevance.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Beyond HPV in Eastern Europe: Genotype Distribution, Molecular Biomarkers, Vaginal Microbiome, and Implications for Cervical Cancer Prevention.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Therapeutic Effects of <i>Scutellaria baicalensis</i> Georgi Extract and Baicalein on Olfactory Dysfunction and Neurobehavioral Alterations in a Methimazole-Induced Injury Model.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

The Effects of Unstable Strength Training on Lower Limb Stability in Adolescent Volleyball Players in China.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
関連記事をすべて見る

関連する実験動画

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Targeting Cysteine Thiols for in Vitro Site-specific Glycosylation of Recombinant Proteins
11:25

Targeting Cysteine Thiols for in Vitro Site-specific Glycosylation of Recombinant Proteins

Published on: October 4, 2017

6.7K

チオエスター経由で糖から酸: 計算による研究

Jeremy Kua1, Jonathan D Karin1

  • 1Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA 92110, USA.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

糖はチオールアルデヒド反応によって酵素なしでカルボキシル酸に変換できる. 熱力学的には好ましいが,反応速度は水または硫化水素の除去によって制限され,アルファ二炭化物はより効率的な触媒であることを示唆している.

キーワード:
生命の起源プレビオティック化学プロトメタボリズムチオエステル

さらに関連する動画

Interactive Molecular Model Assembly with 3D Printing
06:15

Interactive Molecular Model Assembly with 3D Printing

Published on: August 13, 2020

10.2K
Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework
12:30

Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework

Published on: April 9, 2018

9.2K

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Targeting Cysteine Thiols for in Vitro Site-specific Glycosylation of Recombinant Proteins
11:25

Targeting Cysteine Thiols for in Vitro Site-specific Glycosylation of Recombinant Proteins

Published on: October 4, 2017

6.7K
Interactive Molecular Model Assembly with 3D Printing
06:15

Interactive Molecular Model Assembly with 3D Printing

Published on: August 13, 2020

10.2K
Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework
12:30

Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework

Published on: April 9, 2018

9.2K

科学分野:

  • 生物化学
  • 天体化学
  • 有機化学

背景:

  • TCAサイクルのような核代謝は,炭酸とチオエステルに依存しています.
  • このホルモース反応は,プレバイオティック化学の潜在的前駆体である砂糖を生成する.
  • 代謝変換には通常,酵素経路が必要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 糖類を炭酸酸に非酵素的に変換することを研究する.
  • 提案されたプレバイオティック代謝経路の熱力学と運動学を評価する.
  • 生命の初期化学のための好ましい反応機構と中間物質を特定する.

主な方法:

  • 反応経路の熱力学的な計算
  • 速度を制限するステップを特定するための運動分析
  • チオールアルデヒド添加とチオエステル形成/水解のモデリング.

主要な成果:

  • 提案された非酵素経路は,糖類をチオエステル中間体によってカルボキシル酸に変換する.
  • 反応メカニズムは熱力学的に好ましい.
  • 特に脱水段階 (H2OまたはH2S除去) で,運動的なボトルネックが特定されました.
  • アルファ・ディカルボニル化合物は,速度を制限する除去ステップをバイパスするので,より高い可行性を示します.

結論:

  • 糖からカルボキシル酸の非酵素合成は,前生物学的条件下で可能である.
  • この変換の鍵となるのはチオエステル中間物質です.
  • 反応動力学,特に脱水段階は,効率的な触媒のためにアルファジカルボニルなどの代替反応剤を好む課題です.