ダラトゥムマブを投与された患者における赤血球アロ免疫の欠如:単一のセンターからの経験
Lara Eritzpokhoff1, Ernesto Talegón De La Fuente1, Aida Carril Barcia1
1Blood Bank and Hematology Department, Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
Journal of clinical medicine
|August 28, 2025
まとめ
ダラトゥムマブを投与する患者は,アロ免疫化および輸血反応のリスクが低い. ディチオトリトール (DTT) 治療を受けた赤血球 (RBC) の輸血前検査は,この抗CD38療法による干渉を効果的に管理します.
科学分野:
- 血液学
- 免疫学
- 輸血 医学
背景:
- ダラトゥムマブは,抗CD38モノクローナル抗体であり,多発性骨髄腫の治療に使用されます.
- ダラトゥムマブは間接的な抗グローブリン検査 (IAT) を妨害し,解消のために赤血球 (RBC) のディチオトリトロール (DTT) の前処理が必要になります.
研究 の 目的:
- ダラトゥムマブを投与された患者のアルイムニゼーション率を評価する.
- この患者集団における血解性輸血反応の発生率を評価する.
主な方法:
- 2016年10月から2024年4月までダラトゥムマブで治療を受けた患者の遡及分析
- 輸血された患者に対するDTT-IAT (DTT- pretreated RBCs) による間接抗グローブリン検査を行った.
- ダラトゥムマブ投与開始前と後のアロ免疫率を評価し,血解性合併症をモニターした.
主要な成果:
- ダラトゥムマブ投与開始後に輸血を受けた患者は106人でしたが,新しいアロアンチボディを発症したり,血液溶解の合併症を経験した患者はいなかった.
- 偽陽性DTT- IATの4例は,薬物の残留干渉または技術的変動によるもので,副作用はありませんでした.
結論:
- ダラトゥムマブ治療を受けている患者は,アロ免疫化のリスクが低い.
- RhとKellのフェノタイプ化とダラトゥムマブの潜在的免疫抑制作用は,低アル・免疫化率に寄与する可能性があります.
- 迅速で信頼性の高い輸血前検査 (例えば,自動化されたDTT-IAT) が利用可能である場合,拡張RBCのフェノタイプ化/ゲノタイプ化は不要である可能性があります.
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