個別施設と支援施設における重度の精神障害を持つ個人の回復の違い:調査研究
Alessandra Martinelli1, Tecla Pozzan2, Doriana Cristofalo3
1Unit of Epidemiological Psychiatry and Digital Mental Health, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy.
まとめ
重度の精神障害 (SMD) の治療は,私立住居と支援住居の両方で可能です. 民間施設ではより広範な改善が見られたが,支援された施設では優先事項の改善が認められ,特別の介護の必要性が強調された.
科学分野:
- 精神科 と 精神 保健
- 医療サービス研究
- 社会科学
背景:
- 重度の精神障害は 長期にわたる機能障害に対して 地域社会に統合された 回復志向のケアを必要とします
- イタリアでは,SMDの患者に2つの主要な住居モデルを提供しています. 民間住居 (PA) と支援住居 (SA).
- 介護の最適化には 異なる住居環境における 回復結果を理解することが重要です
研究 の 目的:
- 民間施設と支援施設で暮らす SMD の患者の回復結果を調査し,比較する.
- 2つの住宅モデル間の機能,精神病理,自主性,およびニーズの違いを調査する.
- メンタルヘルス・リカバリー・スター (MHRS) を使って6ヶ月の回復経路の変化を評価する.
主な方法:
- 南ヴェローナコミュニティメンタルヘルスサービスで実施された6ヶ月の長期調査です.
- 25人のSMD患者 (14人がPAで,11人がSAで) は,訓練を受けた19人の精神衛生専門家によって,初期とフォローアップで評価されました.
- MHRSを含む標準化されたツールは,回復,機能,精神病理,自律性,およびニーズを測定するために使用されました. tテストを使用してデータを分析しました.
主要な成果:
- ベースラインでは,PAの個人は,SAの個人に比べて,よりよい機能とより少ないニーズを示しました.
- フォローアップでは,PAの個人はすべてのMHRS領域で顕著な改善を示し,症状の重症度が低下し,満たされていないニーズを示しました.
- SAの個人は,機能,自律性,ソーシャルネットワークの改善を達成し,満たされたニーズが増えたが,満たされていないニーズは安定したままでした.
結論:
- SMDの患者さんには 個人の住居でも 支援された住居でも 回復が可能ですが 結果は様々です
- PAの個人はより広範な回復の利益を経験し,SAの個人は彼らの特定の,しばしばより複雑なニーズに進歩を示しました.
- 回復指向のケアを 異なる居住環境の独特のニーズと状況に 合わせる重要性を強調しています
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