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社会的・経済的不安定とCOPDの関連性:2022年のBRFSSの横断的な分析
Michael Stellefson1, Min-Qi Wang2, Yuhui Yao3
1Department of Health Science, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
まとめ
経済的困難と精神的ストレスが 慢性閉塞性肺疾患 (COPD) のリスクを大きく高めます 脆弱な集団におけるCOPDの流行を減らすためには,健康の社会的決定因子に対処することが不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- エピデミオロジー
- 社会医学
背景:
- 健康の社会的決定因子 (SDOH) と健康関連の社会的ニーズ (HRSN) は慢性疾患の結果に大きな影響を与えます.
- SDOH/HRSNと慢性阻害性肺疾患 (COPD) の関連性に関する人口ベースの研究は限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 様々なSDOHとHRSNとCOPDの流行の関連性を調査する.
- COPDに寄与する特定の社会的危険因子を,人口をベースにした大規模なサンプルで特定する.
主な方法:
- 米国37州および地域からの2022年行動リスク因子監視システム (BRFSS) の横断分析.
- COPD と SDOH/HRSN の関連性を評価するために,重量化ロジスティック回帰モデルを使用した.
- 検討された主な要因には,財政的困難,食糧不安,雇用喪失,医療へのアクセス障壁,心理社会的ストレス要因が含まれています.
主要な成果:
- いくつかの個々のSDOHとHRSNは,COPDのより高い罹患率と有意に関連していました.
- 経済的ストレス,特に医療費の支給能力の欠如は COPD の強い予測要因でした
- 精神的ストレスなどの心理的ストレス要因は,COPDの罹患率の増加と中程度の関連性を示した.
結論:
- COPDを緩和するには,構造的リスクと個人のレベルの社会的リスクの両方に対処することが不可欠です.
- 経済的課題と心理的ストレス要因は,COPDの流行を減らすための介入の重要なターゲットです.
- 公衆衛生戦略は,COPDの成果を改善するために,社会的なニーズへの支援を統合する必要があります.
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