人生の初期に重金属にさらされた神経発達の結果:体系的なレビュー
André Soares da Silva1, Renata Maria Silva Santos1, Patricia Gazire De Marco1
1Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil.
まとめ
妊娠中の有毒な重金属への曝露は,小児の神経発達に悪影響を及ぼします. この体系的なレビューは 発達中の脳が 環境中毒物質の低濃度であっても 脆弱であることを強調しています
科学分野:
- 環境 健康
- 神経科学
- 小児科
背景:
- 5歳未満の子供5300万人が 発達障害を抱えています
- 重金属への曝露は 神経発達障害のあまり研究されていない要因です
- 毒性物質への産前曝露は 神経発達に重大なリスクをもたらします
研究 の 目的:
- 重金属への曝露と子供の神経発達の結果に関する文献を体系的にレビューする.
- 特定の重金属とその関連神経発達効果を特定する.
- 胎児の早期発達に対する 産前毒性物質の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- PROSPERO (CRD420250653229) に登録された体系的な文献レビュー.
- パブメド,スコパス,ウェブ・オブ・サイエンス,EMBASE,ライラックス,PsycInfoなど
- 2006年から2025年にかけて出版された68件の記事 (48件の縦断,20件の横断) が含まれています.
主要な成果:
- 鉛 (Pb) は最も研究された金属 (研究の75%),次に水銀 (Hg),カドミウム,およびアルゼン (As) であった.
- 産前曝露は最も一般的な焦点でした.
- 認知と運動の結果はPbとHgに関連し,行動の結果はPbとAsに関連した.
結論:
- ほとんどの研究で 妊娠中に重金属に曝される神経発達の悪影響が示されています
- 発達中の脳は 特に妊娠初期には 毒性物質にさらされやすくなります
- 妊娠中の妊婦の重金属曝露を減らすための介入が必要であることを強調しています.
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