高齢者における急性冠動脈症候群の管理: 二重センターの遡及コホート研究

Karlo Gjuras1, Ivana Jurin2, Hrvoje Jurin3

  • 1Department of Family Medicine, Health Centre Bjelovar-Bilogora County, 43000 Bjelovar, Croatia.

PubMed

背景と目的ACS(急性冠症候群)の高齢患者では、侵襲的戦略による治療を受ける頻度が低く、これが生存率に悪影響を及ぼしている可能性があります。本研究は、高齢のACS患者における治療アプローチを調査し、侵襲的治療群と保存的治療群の間で転帰を比較することを目的としました。材料および方法このレトロスペクティブ研究では、2018年11月から2023年10月まで2つの三次医療機関でACSを呈した80歳以上の連続的な患者を対象とした。侵襲的治療群は、経皮的または外科的血行再建術を受けた患者で構成された。保存的戦略は、ガイドラインに基づいた薬物療法のみと定義した。主要評価項目は、6ヶ月間のフォローアップ期間中における全死因死亡とした。副次評価項目は、心筋梗塞(MI)の再発および心血管虚血(CVI)とした。結果中央値83歳(81-86歳)、女性が50.6%であるACS患者670名のうち、429名(64%)が侵襲的戦略で治療され、241名(36%)が保存的戦略で治療された。6か月の追跡期間中に合計176名(26%)の患者が死亡し、保存的治療群では侵襲的治療群と比較して有意に高い死亡率が観察された(ACS:37.8% vs. 19.3%p< 0.001; STEMI:49.4% 対 26.8%p< 0.001; NSTE-ACS:32.1% 対 10.9%p< 0.001)。再発性心筋梗塞は患者の2.5%に認められ、心血管イベントは1.2%に認められたが、治療群間に差はなかった。多変量回帰分析の結果、侵襲的戦略(HR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.33-0.71;p< 0.001) が、ACS患者における6ヶ月生存率の正の予測因子であるとしています。結論侵襲的治療戦略は、ACSのタイプに関わらず、高齢のACS患者における死亡率の低下に関連していた。再発性心筋梗塞(MI)および心血管イベント(CVI)の発生率は、異なる治療アプローチで治療された群間で差は認められなかった。

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