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トランスグルタミナーゼによって改変された乳酪蛋白分離体と乳酪乳複合体の特徴と,ユバフィルムへの適用
Junliang Chen1,2,3, Yao Chen1,2,3, Weiwei Cao1,2,3
1College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
まとめ
トランスグルタミナーゼ (TGase) は,乳清たんぱく質分離-大豆ミルク複合体を改変することによって,ユバの質を高めます. この酵素はタンパク質の構造を改善し,張力強度を増やし,調理時の損失を減らすことで,よりよい収穫量と質感が得られます.
科学分野:
- 食品科学
- タンパク質化学
- バイオテクノロジー
背景:
- 乳酪蛋白分離物 (WPI) と大豆乳は貴重な食品成分である.
- トランスグルタミンゼ (TGase) 酵素はタンパク質のクロスリンクを容易にする.
- ユバの生産のためのWPI-ソーヤミルク複合体に対するTGaseの影響は十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- WPI-ソーヤミルク複合体の特性に対するTGase濃度の影響を調査する.
- WPI-ソーヤミルク複合体の物理化学的および構造的特性に対するTGaseの影響を評価する.
- 複合ユバのフィルム形成特性と品質に対するTGase改変の影響を決定する.
主な方法:
- TGaseは WPI- ソーヤミルク複合体を様々な濃度で修正するために使用されました.
- 測定には,自由硫黄水素含有量,自由アミノ含有量,粒子の大きさ,および表面水害性が含まれていた.
- 構造分析にはβシート含有量とスキャニング電子顕微鏡 (SEM) の決定が含まれていた.
- 複合ユバの機械的特性 (張力) と調理時の損失を評価した.
主要な成果:
- TGaseはWPI- ソーヤミルク複合体の粒子の大きさを増加させ,低濃度でも安定した.
- TGaseの改変により,三次タンパク質の構造が変化し,βシート含有量が増加した.
- 表面の水性は低下し,TGaseの添加により,自由スルフヒドリルとアミノ群が減少した.
- 複合ユバの張力強さはTGaseの0.05%でピークに達し,7.8%増加しました.
- TGaseで処理されたユバは,密度が高く,多孔性のない構造を示し,調理時の損失が減少しました.
結論:
- TGaseは,WPI-ソーヤミルク複合体の物理化学的および構造的性質を効果的に変化させる.
- TGase処理は機械的な強さを高め,複合ユバの調理損失を軽減します.
- この酵素による改変は 伝統的なユバの生産と品質を 改善する有望なアプローチです
関連する概念動画
01:02Protein Digestion
Protein digestion begins in the stomach, where the highly acidic environment can easily disrupt protein structure by exposing the peptide bonds of polypeptide chains. After polypeptide chains are broken into individual amino acids by a series of digestive enzymes, the amino acids are transported to the liver via the bloodstream to produce energy.
02:41Protein Complex Assembly
Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types. Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
01:57Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts
Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order to...
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order to...
02:41Protein Complex Assembly
Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types. Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
01:57Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts
Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order to...
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order to...
01:12Protein Absorption
Proteins in the gastrointestinal tract typically come from food, but they can also originate from disintegrated cells or secreted enzymes. In the stomach, the enzyme pepsin breaks down these proteins into polypeptides. The fragments then move into the duodenum as a semi-fluid mass called chyme. Pancreatic proteases, such as trypsin and chymotrypsin, and intestinal brush border enzymes like carboxypeptidases further dismantle the polypeptides into tripeptides, dipeptides, and free amino acids.