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Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters01:28

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

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Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
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Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

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Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...
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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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薬剤用用用剤として適用されるポリビニールアルコールを基にしたポリマー混合物の開発と特徴付け

Zarina A Kenessova1, Grigoriy A Mun1,2, Perizat I Urkimbayeva1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Technology of Organic Substances, Natural Compounds and Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan.

Polymers
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

ポリビニールアルコール (PVA) とメチルセルロース (MC) の水溶液は,人工唾液の腫れや粘着性を高めています. これらのPVA-MCヒドロゲルは 口腔薬剤投与システムにとって有望です

キーワード:
薬剤の有効成分ハイドロゲルメチルセルロース粘着性 粘着性ポリビニールアルコール

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科学分野:

  • ポリマー科学
  • 材料科学
  • 医薬品科学

背景:

  • ハイドロゲルは生物互換性や調節性により 薬物の投与に不可欠です
  • ポリビニールアルコール (PVA) とメチルセルロース (MC) は,ヒドロゲル合成に使用されるポリマーである.
  • 効果的な口腔薬剤投与システムを開発するには,特定の腫れと粘着性の特性を有する材料が必要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • ポリビニールアルコール (PVA) とメチルセルロース (MC) のヒドロゲルを合成し,特徴づけること.
  • これらのヒドロゲルの腫れ反応と活性薬剤 (API) の吸収/放出運動を調査する.
  • PVA-MCヒドロゲルの粘着性を評価し,薬剤の口腔投与を可能とする.

主な方法:

  • 様々な成分比でPVA-MCヒドロゲルの合成
  • 水と人工唾液におけるヒドロゲルの腫れ動力の研究.
  • APIの吸収と放出プロフィールの調査
  • 豚の頬粘膜モデルを用いた粘着の評価

主要な成果:

  • 水素ゲルは水と比較して人工唾液で著しく高い腫れを示した.
  • PVAの含有量の増加は,より高い膨胀度とAPIの吸収能力と相関しています.
  • PVAの含有量が増加すると,APIの放出率が低下します.
  • PVA- MCヒドロゲルは重要な粘着性を示し,最大2日間は6:4の比率を維持した.

結論:

  • PVA-MCヒドロゲルは,調節可能な腫れと薬物の放出特性を有する.
  • これらのヒドロゲルの粘着性は,口腔薬剤投与に適しています.
  • 合成されたPVA-MCヒドロゲルは,医療および薬理学的な応用に希望を示しています.