メラノーマにおけるBRAF阻害剤耐性の分子基礎: 系統的レビュー
Ilaria Cosci1, Valentina Salizzato2, Paolo Del Fiore3
1Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
まとめ
メラノーマにおけるBRAF変異を標的とした治療は結果を改善しますが,レジスタンスは一般的です. このレビューでは,BRAF阻害剤に対する原発性,適応性,および獲得性耐性メカニズムを詳細に説明し,それらを克服するための戦略について議論します.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 分子生物学
- 皮膚科
背景:
- 致命的な皮膚がんであるメラノーマは,しばしばMAPK経路を活性化するBRAF変異 (例えばV600E) を有する.
- BRAF阻害剤 (BRAFi) とMEK阻害剤 (MEKi) は,BRAF V600変異性メラノーマのアウトカムを改善しました.
- 進行性メラノーマの治療において,治療抵抗性は依然として重要な臨床的課題です.
研究 の 目的:
- メラノーマにおけるBRAF標的治療に対する治療抵抗のメカニズムをレビューし,分類する.
- 主要な,適応的,および獲得抵抗の分子基盤を分析する.
- 耐性を克服し 患者の治療結果を改善するための新興戦略を強調する.
主な方法:
- BRAF標的治療に対する耐性に関する臨床前と臨床研究を統合した文献レビュー.
- 主要型,適応型,獲得型に分類する.
- 遺伝子/エピジェネティック変異,経路再活性化,微環境相互作用の分析
主要な成果:
- プライマリーレジスタンスには,PI3K-AKTのような代替経路を活性化する既存の変異が含まれます.
- 適応性/獲得性レジスタンスには,二次的なBRAF変異,経路の冗長性,フェノタイプスイッチング,およびストロマル/免疫相互作用が含まれます.
- NRAS,NF1,PTENの変異が検出され,耐性に寄与した.
結論:
- 先進的なメラノーマの治療には 多様な抵抗メカニズムを理解することが重要です
- 結合療法,代謝標的化,バイオマーカーは抵抗を克服するための重要な戦略です.
- このレビューは,メラノーマにおける将来の治療開発と精密腫瘍学に情報を提供する.
さらに関連する動画
07:49Characterize Disease-related Mutants of RAF Family Kinases by Using a Set of Practical and Feasible Methods
Published on: July 17, 2019
6.2K
08:18Analysis of Lymph Node Volume by Ultra-High-Frequency Ultrasound Imaging in the Braf/Pten Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Melanoma
Published on: September 8, 2021
3.0K
関連する概念動画
Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.4K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.4K
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
5.1K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
5.1K
Metastasis
5.7K
Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
5.7K
Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.8K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.8K
