関連する実験動画

Updated: Sep 9, 2025

PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions

PIP-on-a-chip: A Label-free Study of Protein-phosphoinositide Interactions

Published on: July 27, 2017

生物学的領域におけるフォスファディチリノシトール特異のフォスホリファースC:ドメイン組織,機能,および規制

Kaori Kanemaru^1,2, Yoshikazu Nakamura^1,2

¹Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.

Journal of biochemistry

|August 28, 2025

まとめ

フォスフォリファースC (PLC) 酵素は細胞機能に不可欠であり,重要なシグナル分子を生成します. このレビューでは,哺乳類,植物,バクテリアにおけるファスファディチリノシトール特異性PLC (PI-PLC) の多様な構造と役割を調査します.

科学分野:

生物化学
分子生物学
細胞生理学

背景:

フォスフォリファーゼC (PLC) 酵素は,細胞活動を調節する第2のメッセンジャーを生成するフォスフォリピド代謝の中心です.
PLCは,ホスファティディリノシトール固有型 (PI-PLC) と非固有型に分類され,PI-PLCは様々な生命体において高い保全性を示しています.
PI-PLCは独特の構造的特徴と規制メカニズムを持ち,その基本的な生物学的重要性を強調しています.

研究の目的:

哺乳類,植物,細菌におけるPI-PLCの構造的多様性を検討する.
様々な生物学的文脈におけるPI-PLCの機能的意義を明らかにする.
構造的な変化にもかかわらず,保存された触媒メカニズムを強調する.

主な方法:

異なる生物のPI-PLC構造の比較分析
哺乳類,植物,細菌のシステムにおけるPI-PLC機能に関する文献のレビュー.
PI-PLCを含む規制メカニズムとシグナル伝達経路の検討

主要な成果:

PI-PLCは哺乳類,植物,バクテリアの間で保存され,ユニークな構造組織を表示します.
哺乳類のPI-PLCは,Gタンパク質結合受容体と受容体チロシンキナーゼを通して細胞内信号伝達を媒介する.
植物PI-PLCは成長とストレス反応に関与し,バクテリアPI-PLCは毒性に関与する.

結論:

PI-PLCは,構造的な違いにもかかわらず,細胞生理学にとって不可欠な,保存された触媒機構を共有しています.
PI-PLCの多様性を理解することは,様々な生物の細胞過程を理解するために不可欠です.
このレビューは,健康と病気における PI-PLCの多面的な役割についての洞察を提供します.

キーワード:

GPIで固定されたタンパク質細胞内信号伝達フォスファディチルイノシトール特有のPLC フォスホイノシチド毒性因子

さらに関連する動画

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes

Published on: October 15, 2016

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

Published on: July 26, 2019

関連する概念動画

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and...

Synthesis of Phosphatidylcholine in the ER Membrane

Synthesis of Phosphatidylcholine in the ER Membrane

The ER synthesizes lipids for building cell membranes and performing cellular functions such as energy storage and signaling. The lipid synthesis machinery embedded in the ER membrane primarily collects all reactants from the cytosol. Following synthesis, the secretory pathway and the ER contact sites distribute these lipids to other cellular organelles. Additionally, the energy-rich triacylglycerides are transported from the ER via lipid droplets.
The major components of all eukaryotic cell...

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...

Membrane Domains

Membrane Domains

The membrane domains concentrate specific lipids and proteins at one place within the membrane, which helps in cell signaling, adhesion, and other critical cellular processes. These domains can differ in size, composition, function, and lifespan.
Protein Domains
The membrane comprises a group of distinct proteins responsible for carrying out a cell's specific function. For example, the plasma membrane of the human sperm, or a single germ cell, contains a unique set of proteins in the...

Biosynthesis of Lipids

Biosynthesis of Lipids

Microbial membranes exhibit remarkable diversity in lipid composition, reflecting evolutionary adaptations to various environmental conditions. The three domains of life—Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya—synthesize membrane lipids through distinct biosynthetic pathways, leading to fundamental structural differences that impact membrane stability, function, and adaptability.Fatty Acid-Based Lipids in Bacteria and EukaryaBacteria and eukaryotes share a common fatty acid biosynthesis...