インターフェロン-α鼻スプレー予防は,がん患者のCOVID-19を減少させる:ランダム化,二重盲検,プラセボ制御試験
Michelle K Yong1,2,3,4, Karin Thursky1,2,4,5, Megan Crane1,4
1Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
まとめ
インターフェロン-α (IFN-α) を毎日鼻にスプレーすると,成人がん患者のCOVID-19の発生率が著しく低下しました. この予防法は安全で耐受性があり,この脆弱な集団における感染予防の新たな戦略を提示しています.
科学分野:
- 感染症
- 腫瘍学
- ウイルス学
背景:
- 大人のがん患者は,重度のCOVID-19やその他の呼吸器ウイルス感染症のリスクが高くなります.
- インターフェロン-α (IFN-α) は抗ウイルス性があることが知られている.
- 予防的な鼻のIFN-αの評価は,免疫不全の個人を保護するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 日常の鼻内インターフェロン-α (IFN-α) のスプレーが成人がん患者におけるCOVID-19の発生率を減少させるかどうかを判断する.
- コミュニティで発症する他の呼吸器ウイルス感染症に対するIFN-α鼻スプレーの有効性を評価する.
- 鼻のIFN-α予防の安全性と耐性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 多中心型 ランダム化 ダブルブラインド プラセボ対照試験
- 参加者は毎日4万IUのIFN-α鼻スプレーまたはプラセボを受けた.
- 症状のある個体でウイルスを検出するためにPCRと急速抗原検査が使用されました.
主要な成果:
- IFN-α鼻スプレーは,COVID-19の発生率を40%減少させた (RR: .60; 95% CrI: .33-.97).
- 他の呼吸器ウイルス感染症の発生率は,グループによって有意な差異は認められなかった.
- サブグループ分析では,若い (65歳未満),女性,ワクチン接種患者でより大きな効果が示されました.
結論:
- 鼻内インターフェロン-α (IFN-α) 予防は,成人がん患者におけるCOVID-19の発生率を効果的に減少させた.
- 治療は安全でよく受け止められ,重篤な結果のリスクは高まりませんでした.
- IFN-α鼻スプレーは,高リスクがん集団に対する有望な予防策です.
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