非公式ケアへの移行と職業的自己効率化: ドイツの代表的な従業員データを用いて,差異性スコアマッチング分析
1Sozialstruktur und Soziologie alternder Gesellschaften, Fakultät Sozialwissenschaften, Technische Universität Dortmund, Emil-Figge-Straße 50, 44227, Dortmund, Germany. Carolin.Kunz@TU-Dortmund.de.
Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie
|August 28, 2025
まとめ
非公式の介護への移行は 職場で自立する能力に悪影響を及ぼし 職場で直面する課題に 対応する能力を低下させます 労働時間短縮や労働市場からの退出につながる可能性があります.
科学分野:
- ゲロントロジー
- 労働の社会学
- 職業健康心理学
背景:
- 平均寿命の伸びと出生率の低下により 介護の需要が増加しています
- 非公式の介護はしばしば雇用と重複し,役割の対立と二重の負担を生み出します.
- この二重の負担は 職績に悪影響を及ぼし 職務における自己効率性を低下させる可能性があります
研究 の 目的:
- 非公式の介護者への移行が職業的自己効能に与える長期的影響を分析する.
- 介護者の間で労働時間の短縮や労働市場からの脱出のための潜在的なメカニズムとして職業的自己効率性を調査する.
- 非公式の介護と職業上の自己効能性の関係に関する研究のギャップを埋める.
主な方法:
- ドイツ連邦労働安全衛生研究所 (BAuA) の2017年,2019年,2021年の労働時間調査のデータを活用した.
- 非公式の介護への移行の効果を評価するために,差異の差異モデル (DiD) を採用した.
- 潜在的な選択バイアスを制御するために,プロペンススコアマッチング (PSM) を適用した.
主要な成果:
- 非公式の介護への移行は,たとえ時折であっても,職業的自立性を著しく低下させました.
- 介護は,職業上の困難に直面した際の従業員の落ち着きを悪化させた.
- 労働関連の問題への解決策を生み出す能力と要求に対処する能力は悪影響を受けました.
結論:
- 従業員の職業的自立性を維持することは,高齢化社会で労働能力を維持するために不可欠です.
- 非公式の介護が 自己効能に与える影響に対処することは 熟練した労働力の不足を考慮して不可欠です
- 介護者を支援する介入は,労働力や福祉システムへの悪影響を軽減するために必要かもしれません.
関連する概念動画
Observational Studies
9.0K
Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
9.0K
Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups
280
Survival analysis is a cornerstone of medical research, used to evaluate the time until an event of interest occurs, such as death, disease recurrence, or recovery. Unlike standard statistical methods, survival analysis is particularly adept at handling censored data—instances where the event has not occurred for some participants by the end of the study or remains unobserved. To address these unique challenges, specialized techniques like the Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, and...
280
Longitudinal Studies
231
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
231
Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test for Matched Pairs
219
The Wilcoxon signed-rank test for matched pairs evaluates the null hypothesis by combining the ranks of differences with their signs. It essentially tests whether the median of the differences in a population of matched pairs is zero. Since the test incorporates more information than the sign test, it generally yields more trustable conclusions. This test also does not require the data to follow a normal distribution, but two conditions must be met for it to be applicable: (1) the data must...
219
Quantifying Work
21.1K
As a system undergoes a change, its internal energy can change, and energy can be transferred from the system to the surroundings, or from the surroundings to the system.
21.1K
Odds Ratio
258
The odds ratio (OR) is a statistical measure used extensively in epidemiology and research to quantify the strength of association between exposure and outcome across different groups. Unlike relative risk, which compares the probabilities of an event occurring, the odds ratio compares the odds of an event occurring in the exposed group to the odds of it occurring in the unexposed group. The odds, in this context, are calculated as the probability of the event happening divided by the...
258


