自殺を試みた精神病患者の治療における個人およびグループの問題解決療法の有効性: ランダム化制御試験
M Neslihan Turgut1, Mehmet Eskin2
1Department of Psychology, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Türkiye.
Psychology, health & medicine
|August 28, 2025
まとめ
問題解決療法 (PST) は,個人またはグループで実施され,精神病患者の認知的柔軟性および社会的な問題解決能力を向上させながら,自殺の可能性とうつ病を効果的に軽減します. これらのポジティブな結果は3ヶ月のフォローアップで維持された.
科学分野:
- 精神科
- 臨床心理学
- メンタルヘルスの研究
背景:
- 精神科の外科医の自殺未遂は 重要な臨床的課題です
- 問題解決療法 (PST) は様々な精神疾患の治療法として認められています.
- 自殺志向の患者における個人対グループのPSTの比較効果については,さらなる調査が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 自殺を試みた精神科の外科医の待合者リストの対照群に対して,個人 (indPST) とグループ (grPST) の問題解決療法 (PST) の有効性を比較する.
- 自殺の確率,鬱,認知の柔軟性,社会的問題解決能力に対する PST の影響を評価する.
- 3ヶ月のフォローアップで治療効果の維持を評価する.
主な方法:
- 自殺未遂歴のある トルコの成人精神科の外科医39人を対象とした ランダム化比較試験です
- 参加者はランダムに indPST,grPST,または待機リストのコントロールグループに割り当てられました.
- 自殺の確率,うつ病,認知の柔軟性,社会的問題解決を測定する標準化されたスケールは,介入前および介入後に行われ,PSTグループでは3ヶ月後にフォローアップ評価が行われました.
主要な成果:
- indPST と grPST の両方が比較可能な有効性を示した.
- 両方のPST状態の参加者は,自殺の確率とうつ病のスコアを大幅に減少させました.
- 認知の柔軟性と社会的問題解決のスコアは PST グループで大きく上昇した.
- 待合リストの対照群では,有意な変化は見られなかった.
- 治療効果は3ヶ月のフォローアップで維持された.
結論:
- 個別および集団のPSTは,自殺志向の精神病患者の治療に等しく有効である.
- PSTの介入は,自殺リスクに関連する主要な心理的測定値の有意な改善につながります.
- PSTの陽性効果は持続し,介入後少なくとも3ヶ月間持続します.
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