障害者の権利条約 (CPRD) に基づく世界的な医療アクセスに関するEUの領域外的義務
Katrina Perehudoff1,2,3,4,5
1https://ror.org/04dkp9463University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Law School, Law for Health and Life, Netherlands.
まとめ
欧州連合 (EU) は,低所得国および中所得国 (LMIC) の障害者のための公平な医療アクセスに関する人権義務を履行していない. 現在のEUのイニシアチブには,世界的なワクチンの公平性のために不可欠な技術移転と知的財産の共有が欠けている.
科学分野:
- 人権法
- 国際法
- 障害者に関する研究
背景:
- 障がいを持つ人々が 機能を維持し,さらなる障害を予防し,社会的な包摂を確保するために 医薬品への公平なアクセスは不可欠です.
- 低・中所得国 (LMIC) は,必要な医薬品へのアクセスで大きな課題に直面しています.
- 欧州連合 (EU) は,障害者の権利に関する国連条約 (CRPD) を批准した最初の地域国際機関です.
研究 の 目的:
- 最低所得国における障害者の特定の医療ニーズを探求する.
- 医薬品のグローバルアクセスに関するEUの領域外法上の義務を評価する.
- ケーススタディを通じて,EUがCRPDのコミットメントを遵守しているかを評価する.
主な方法:
- CRPDに基づく法的枠組みの分析
- EUのCOVID-19ワクチン調達戦略に関するケーススタディの検討.
- アフリカにおけるワクチン生産のためのEUのBioNTainerイニシアチブのケーススタディ分析
主要な成果:
- ワクチンの調達と生産プログラムを含むEUの内部と外部イニシアティブは,CRPDの義務と完全に整合していない.
- 違反の主要な分野は,不十分な技術移転と知的財産の共有です.
- これらの欠陥は,低低所得国における障害者のための不可欠な医薬品とワクチンの平等なグローバルなアクセスを妨げています.
結論:
- LMICの障害者に対する人権の約束は,EUの現在の行動では満たされていない.
- 医療への公平なアクセスを確保するために,技術移転と知的財産に関する国際的な協力を強化する必要があります.
- EUは,世界的に,特にLMICにおいて,障害者の権利を擁護する政策を強化しなければなりません.
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