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Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

9.6K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

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The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
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Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

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Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
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嗅覚機能の回復 エンドスコーピ・トランスフェノイド・ピトウリス手術

Sanjena Venkatesh1, Jadyn Wilensky2, Maria Espinosa2

  • 1Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

International forum of allergy & rhinology
|August 29, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

トランスフェノイド外科手術 (TSA) の際に嗅覚フラップを保存すると,嗅覚の回復が速くなります. 客観的な嗅覚機能は TSA後の主観的な嗅覚より早く改善します.

キーワード:
客観的な嗅覚嗅覚の結果嗅覚による生活の質pituitary adenoma pituitary adenoma pituitary adenoma pituitary adenomaトランスフェノイドアプローチ

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科学分野:

  • 耳鼻喉科
  • 神経外科
  • 嗅覚神経科学

背景:

  • トランススフェノイド手術 (TSA) は,下垂体と頭蓋骨の基礎腫瘍の一般的な処置です.
  • 嗅覚障害はTSAの 既知の合併症です
  • 嗅覚機能を保つための 手術技術を最適化することが重要です

研究 の 目的:

  • TSA中の嗅覚フラップの保存が嗅覚回復に与える影響を評価する.
  • 客観的な嗅覚機能と主観的な嗅覚機能の回復時間を比較する.
  • TSA後の嗅覚特異的な生活の質 (QOL) の回復を評価する.

主な方法:

  • TSAを受けた患者の遡及分析
  • 嗅覚フラップの保存と保存のない患者の嗅覚機能の結果の比較
  • 客観的な嗅覚検査 (例えばUPSIT) と主観的な嗅覚アンケート (例えばQOLスケール) を利用した.

主要な成果:

  • 嗅覚フラップの保存は,嗅覚機能の早期回復と関連していました.
  • 客観的嗅覚機能は主観的嗅覚に比べ,より速い回復経路を示した.
  • 嗅覚特有のQOLスコアと鼻腔特有のQOLスコアは,異なる回収パターンを示した.

結論:

  • 嗅覚フラップの保存は,TSAの早期の嗅覚回復を促進するための有益な外科的考慮事項です.
  • 客観的な嗅覚と主観的な嗅覚の間の回復率の差異は,さらなる調査を必要とする.
  • 手術戦略は,TSA後の客観的および主観的な匂いの結果とQOLの改善を目指すべきである.