都市部のスラム街での鉄道騒音被曝の評価
Ravi Pratap Singh Jadon1, Nasim Akhtar2, Rajeev Kumar Mishra3
1Department of Environmental Engineering, Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, 110042, India.
Environmental monitoring and assessment
|August 29, 2025
まとめ
鉄道の騒音はデリーのスラムの弱小なコミュニティに 深刻な影響を与えている. ディーゼルと貨物列車が最も騒がしく 安全な騒音制限を超え 緊急の緩和戦略が必要である
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 音響学
- 都市計画
背景:
- 交通による騒音汚染は 世界的に懸念される問題です
- 鉄道の騒音は,特に都市部のスラムでは,健康に重大なリスクがあるにもかかわらず,しばしば見過ごされています.
- 鉄道近郊の脆弱なコミュニティは 交通騒音に不釣り合いに晒されています
研究 の 目的:
- 都市部のスラムで,異なるタイプの列車 (旅客,貨物) と機関車 (ディーゼル,電気) の騒音レベルの変化を調査する.
- 鉄道の騒音にさらされる空間的および時間的なパターンを分析する.
- 騒音ホットスポットを特定し,ターゲットに絞った緩和戦略を策定する.
主な方法:
- デリーのスラム街の14箇所で1型音量計を使って1057列車の通過を監視しています.
- 雑音データを統計的に分析し,カテゴリおよび空間的な変化を含みます.
- 地理情報システム (GIS) ベースのマッピングと逆距離加重 (IDW) インターポレーション.
主要な成果:
- ディーゼル電車は電気電車よりも2〜8dBのノイズを放出します.
- 貨物列車は平均100.1dB (旅客列車より8dB高い) で最も騒がしい.
- 監視されたすべての場所では,中央汚染管理委員会 (CPCB) の騒音制限値を超え,大きな空間的変動が観察されました.
結論:
- デリーのスラム街の鉄道の騒音レベルは 非常に高く,規制の限界を超えています.
- 列車のタイプ,機関車の動力,頻度は,騒音レベルを決定する重要な要素です.
- GISマッピングは,地域特有の騒音対策の開発に不可欠な騒音ホットスポットを効果的に特定します.
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