栄養と神経学の橋渡し:手術前神経認知障害における栄養不良の役割

Li Luo^1,2, Qihai Gong³, Miao He⁴

¹Anesthesia Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.

Frontiers in nutrition

|August 29, 2025

まとめ

栄養不良は手術前神経認知障害 (PND) のリスクを高めます早期の栄養評価と介入は PND の発生率を減少させ,患者のアウトカムを改善する可能性があります.

科学分野:

栄養学
神経科学
高齢者医療

背景:

術後の神経認知障害 (PND) は,術後の期間中に様々な認知障害を伴う.
栄養不良はPNDの発達と重症度に影響を与える重要な要因としてますます認識されています.
PNDは患者の回復,生活の質,医療費に悪影響を及ぼします.

研究の目的:

栄養失調とPNDの関係を見直す
栄養失調とPNDを結びつけるメカニズムを探る
PNDの栄養介入を要約し,将来の研究方向を特定する.

主な方法:

栄養失調とPNDを調査する研究の文献レビュー.
栄養失調が神経認知に影響する直接的・間接的な経路の分析
栄養診断と介入戦略に関する現在の証拠のまとめ

主要な成果:

手術前の栄養失調は PND の発生率が高いと関連しています
栄養不良は直接的な経路 (例えば神経伝達物質の合成) や間接的な経路 (例えば神経炎症,腸-脳軸の障害) を通してPNDに寄与する.
栄養介入はPNDの発生を減らす可能性を示しています.

結論:

栄養不良はPNDの修正可能な危険因子です
術前の栄養評価と術後の栄養介入は PND の予防に不可欠です.
分子メカニズムを明らかにし,特定の集団のための介入を最適化するためにさらなる研究が必要です.

キーワード:

認知機能障害腸-脳軸栄養失調栄養に関する介入術後の神経認知障害 (PND)

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