自閉症児の歯の治療における課題と解決策
Mohammed Al-Beltagi1,2, Abdulrahman Abdullah Al Zahrani3,4, Babu Sandilyan Mani5
1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Algharbia, Egypt.
World journal of clinical pediatrics
|August 29, 2025
まとめ
自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) の子供たちは,独特の課題のために,重要な口腔健康問題を経験します. このレビューでは 効果的な管理戦略を強調し,自閉症患者の 歯科ケアを改善するための ギャップを特定しています
科学分野:
- 小児歯科
- 発達障害
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- 自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) の子どもは,虫歯や歯周病,歯周病のリスクが高くなります.
- 感覚の敏感性や コミュニケーションの障壁や 専門的なケアへのアクセスが 限られていることが ASDにおける 口腔健康の格差を悪化させています
- 現在,ASDに対する 根拠に基づいた口腔衛生上の解決策の 総合的な合成は欠けている.
研究 の 目的:
- ASDの子供の歯の問題を体系的に検討する.
- 歯科医療へのアクセスを妨げる障害を特定する.
- 効果的な管理戦略をまとめ,口腔衛生の改善に向けた将来の研究方向性を概説する.
主な方法:
- PubMed,Cochrane Library,およびScopusで体系的な文献検索が行われました.
- ASD,歯の健康問題,介入を中心とした研究も含まれていました.
- データの抽出と分析は,ナラティブ・シンセシスとテーマ分析のアプローチを用いて行われ,研究の質が評価された.
主要な成果:
- ASDの子どもは,歯のしびれ,歯周炎,ブルクシズム,および誤閉症の割合が高かった.
- 主な障壁は 感覚の問題や コミュニケーションの難しさ 費用問題 そしてASD訓練を受けた 歯科医の不足です
- 効果的な介入には 消極化,行動療法,デジタルツール,学際的なチームワークが含まれており 両親の教育と専門的なトレーニングが 支援されています
結論:
- 感覚的適応,行動介入,協調的なアプローチを 統合した歯科治療は ASDの子供にとって不可欠です
- 標準化されたガイドラインと縦断的な研究は,証拠に基づいたプロトコルを精製するために必要である.
- 将来の研究では デジタル介入とプロバイオティクスの応用が ASDの歯科治療の改善に役立つのでしょう
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