米国警察の政治的多様性
Bocar Ba1, Haosen Ge2, Jacob Kaplan3
1Department of Economics, Duke University, Social Sciences Building, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
まとめ
アメリカの警察の党派主義は 警官の行動に わずかな影響を及ぼします 警察は共和党に傾いているが 民主党と共和党の執法上の差異は ほとんど検出できない.
科学分野:
- 犯罪学
- 政治科学
- 社会学
背景:
- 警察政策に関して党派的な分断が存在し,法執行官の行動に潜在的に影響を与える.
- 現存する研究によると 政治的所属が警察の行動に 影響を及ぼす可能性があり 更に調査が必要だといわれています
研究 の 目的:
- 警察の党派主義と 警官の行動の関係を調べるため
- 政治的な所属 (民主党対共和党) が法執行の行動の違いと相関するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 投票者の記録と 連邦警察のリストを 統合した
- シカゴとヒューストンの 民主党と共和党の警官の 行動データを分析した
- 多重比較を修正し,微細な行動データを分析するために統計的方法を使用しました.
主要な成果:
- 全国の警察官は 地域より共和党に偏っている
- 統計の修正で 民主党と共和党の 行動の差は最小でした
- 強制執行における人種的格差が認められた.黒人とヒスパニックの警官は,少数の停止/逮捕を行った (シカゴ),黒人の警官は,少数の武力行使を行った (シカゴとヒューストン).
結論:
- 党派的偏好や 共和党の過多な警察活動にもかかわらず 政治的分断は 現場での執行の違いに 大きく影響しません
- 政治的な所属関係にかかわらず,強制執行における人種的格差は継続的な注意と研究を必要とします.
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