選択式帝王切開を受けた患者におけるメトクロプラミドの胃容量および吐き気に対する影響:ランダム化臨床試験
Samantha F Lu1, Robert J McCarthy2, Paloma Toledo3
1Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
International journal of obstetric anesthesia
|August 29, 2025
まとめ
メトクロプラミドは,帝王切開を受けた空腹の患者で胃の量を有意に変化させなかった. この研究では,メトクロプラミドと塩分溶液が胃容量の管理に等価であることが判明し,この低リスクグループでの影響は最小であることが示唆されています.
科学分野:
- 産婦人麻酔
- 胃腸の生理学
- 薬理学について
背景:
- アメリカ麻酔学会では 選択的帝王切開の際に 術前禁食と吸血予防を推奨しています
- メトクロプラミドは,吸入予防に推奨される薬剤の1つです.
- この研究では,帝王切開手術を受けた断食患者の胃容量に対するメトクロプラミドの効果を調査した.
研究 の 目的:
- 適正な空腹状態で選択式帝王切開を行う患者の胃容量に対するメトクロプラミドの効果を評価する.
- メトクロプラミドがプラセボ (塩水) に比べて胃の量を有意に減少させるかどうかを判断する.
- メトクロプラミドと塩溶液が,定義された限界 (± 17 mL) の内での胃容量の変化における同等性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 単一センター,ランダム化,プラセボ対照等価試験が行われました.
- 患者は静脈内メトクロプラミド (10 mg) または塩分投与を受けた.
- RoukhomovskyとPerlasの方法を使用して,投与前と投与後30分間の胃の量を推定するために,胃の超音波を使用しました.
主要な成果:
- メトクロプラミドと塩素群の間で胃容量の有意な差は認められなかった.
- メトクロプラミドと塩分溶液の両方が胃容量に対する効果が同等であることが判明しました (P < 0. 001 両方の方法).
- 吸血のリスクがあると判明した患者の数は,グループ間では異なっていなかった.
結論:
- メトクロプラミドの投与は,適正な断食状態で選択式帝王切開を受けた患者の胃容量に最小限の影響を与えた.
- メトクロプラミドと塩分溶液は,試験の同等性範囲内で胃容量への影響において同等性を示した.
- これらの発見は,メトクロプラミドが,この特定の患者集団において,胃容量を有意に変化させないことを示唆している.
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