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Updated: Sep 9, 2025
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薬剤特許訴訟の和解による損害を推定するために株式価格の動きを使用する
Keith M Drake1, Thomas G McGuire2
1Greylock McKinnon Associates and Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, USA.
Journal of health economics
|August 29, 2025
まとめ
医薬品業界における 秘密の特許和解は ジェネリック医薬品の競争を遅らせ 医薬品の価格を上昇させます この研究によると これらの遅延は 毎年何十億ドルもの費用を 消費者にかけており 医療費にも影響を及ぼしています
科学分野:
- 健康 経済
- 医薬品政策
- 知的財産権法
背景:
- 医薬品の価格設定には,R&Dのインセンティブと市場効率の間のトレードオフが含まれています.
- ブランド薬の価格は,特許訴訟の結果によって決定されるジェネリック薬の競争が現れるまで高いままです.
- ブランドメーカーが市場参入を遅らせるために競合他社に支払った 秘密契約は,世界の製薬市場,特に米国における重要な問題です.
研究 の 目的:
- 薬の購入者に対する 特許契約の経済的影響を 推定するためです
- これらの決済によるジェネリックの遅延による支出の増加を定量化します.
主な方法:
- 決済発表後のブランド製薬会社の株価変動の分析
- 事件調査の方法論を適用し,共謀による経済的影響を評価する.
- 2014年から2023年にかけての64の契約のデータセットから 潜在的に秘密結社の和解を特定する.
主要な成果:
- 秘密結社の兆候のない和解は,ブランド企業の株式価格に重大な影響を及ぼさなかった.
- 秘密結社の兆候を持つ和解は,ブランド企業の平均株価上昇を約3.5%に導いた.
- この株価上昇は,ジェネリック薬の発売が遅れたこととブランドの利益の増加を示唆し,米国購入者の年間支出増加額は推定31~32億ドルに相当する.
結論:
- 秘密特許の和解は 医薬品の支出を大幅に増加させています
- ジェネリック医薬品の導入が遅れたため,購入者の年間コストはかなり高く,業界全体で120億ドルに達する可能性がある.
- これらの発見は,製薬部門における反競争的慣行の経済的結果を強調しています.
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