カザフスタン で の 緊急 対応 者 と 災害 の 犠牲 者 の 間 の 創傷 後 の ストレス 障害: 発生 率,危険 因子,リハビリテーション の 必要 性
A Ibrayeva1, B Turdaliyeva2, G Aimbetova1
11S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Georgian medical news
|August 30, 2025
まとめ
緊急事態は精神的健康に大きく影響し 被害者はトラウマ後ストレス障害 (PTSD) の割合が高くなります 早期診断とリハビリテーションは カザフスタンの被害者や 救急救援隊にとって 極めて重要です
科学分野:
- 精神科 と 緊急 医療
- メンタルヘルス と 災害 対応
- トラウマとリハビリテーションの研究
背景:
- 自然災害も 人為災害も 被害者や救急隊員に 持続的な 医療的・心理的な 被害をもたらします
- トラウマ後ストレス障害 (PTSD) は,これらの集団における一般的な精神的健康の結果です.
- カザフスタンの被災者グループに対するリハビリテーションの必要性に関する包括的な評価は限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 医療や心理的リハビリテーションの必要性を評価する.
- 緊急事態の被害者と職員の中で PTSD の発症に寄与する主要な危険因子を特定する.
主な方法:
- カザフスタン (2021-2023) で実施された横断的な研究では,872人の参加者 (551人の被験者,321人の被害者) が参加しました.
- データ収集は,構造化されたインタビュー,調査,人口統計/専門/医療アンケート,構造化された臨床インタビュー (SCID),およびミシシッピPTSDスケールを使用した.
- 統計的分析には,記述的統計,相関,多変数ロジスティック回帰,およびROC分析が含まれていた.
主要な成果:
- PTSDの症状は緊急対応者の17.3%と被害者の33.1%にありました
- 被害者の地位 (OR=1.72),年齢増加 (OR=1.05/年),緊急事態での長期勤務 (OR=1.03/年) は,独立したPTSDの危険因子でした.
- ミシシッピのPTSDスケールは,スクリーニングにおいて高い診断精度 (AUC=0. 82) を示した.
結論:
- カザフスタンでは,緊急事態の被害者と職員の両方にとって,重要な医療・心理的リハビリテーションの必要性があります.
- 早期発見と 適応したリハビリテーションプログラムは リスクの高い個人の長期的な心理的苦痛を軽減するために不可欠です
- ミシシッピのPTSDスケールは 災害後のリハビリテーションの 重要なツールです
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