遺伝性乳がん患者と医療従事者の視点に関する質的研究
Sun-Young Park1, Youlim Kim2, Maria C Katapodi3
1College of Nursing and Research Institute of Nursing Innovation, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Psycho-oncology
|August 30, 2025
まとめ
BRCA変異の乳がん患者にとって,対側予防性乳房切除 (CPM) の意思決定は複雑です. 患者と医療従事者の期待を一致させるには 意思決定を共有し 資源を増やす必要があります
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 手術腫瘍学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- BRCAの病原性変異を持つ乳がん患者の間では,対側予防性乳切除 (CPM) の割合が増加しています.
- CPMの意思決定は複雑で,多面的なリスク,利益,そして包括的な患者サポートの必要性を含んでいます.
- 韓国の医療制度におけるCPMの意思決定に関する患者と医療提供者 (HCP) の視点の探求
研究 の 目的:
- 反対側予防性乳房切除 (CPM) の意思決定過程に関する患者と医療従事者の見解を調査する.
- BRCAの病原性変異を持つ乳がん患者に対するCPMの意思決定における課題と情報不足を特定する.
- この文脈で患者中心の意思決定を改善するための潜在的な戦略を探求する.
主な方法:
- 17人の乳がん患者 (BRCA病原体変異) と10人の医療従事者 (乳がん外科医,看護師) との半構造面接を行いました.
- インタビューは2024年8月から9月にかけて行われました
- チャールズの意思決定モデルを参考に,反射的なテーマ分析が実施された.
主要な成果:
- CPMの意思決定の情報交換段階では,患者さんにはより多くの情報と指導が必要です.
- 医療従事者は,限られた証拠,CPMに対する否定的な認識,および時間的な制約のために,決定を導くことに躊躇している.
- 意思決定の役割の期待は不一致で,患者は様々なレベルの自律性を望んでおり,医療従事者は中立性を維持しています.
結論:
- CPMに関する患者と医療従事者の間には 重要な情報,支援,役割の明確性が欠けています
- 保険の補償と資源の増加 (カウンセリングの時間,人材,スペース,意思決定支援) を支援する共同の意思決定アプローチが推奨されます.
- これらの戦略を実装することで,韓国の保健医療の文脈で,対側予防性乳房切除の患者中心の意思決定を向上させることができます.
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