周辺の大学の社会的役割と免税制度,イタリアの事例
A Nifo1, S Ruberto2, G Vecchione3
1Department of Law and Economics, University of Sannio, Italy.
Evaluation and program planning
|August 30, 2025
まとめ
税金免除と奨学金は,イタリアの辺境の大学が学生と教員を惹きつけ,衰退を食い止め,地域開発を支援する. この政策は,すべての地域において大学が重要な市民的役割を果たすよう確保することを目的としています.
科学分野:
- 高等教育政策
- 地域経済開発
- 教育社会学
背景:
- 周辺の大学は,熟練した移民によって悪化した経済とインフラストラクチャのギャップのために,入学,採用,資金の減少に直面しています.
- イタリアの大学制度は構造的な弱さを示しており,周辺の大学を疎外させ,地域の発展におけるその役割を危うくしています.
- 人口予測によると 2040年までに周辺の大学が閉鎖され,その地域が社会的,経済的貧困に陥る可能性がある.
研究 の 目的:
- 2017年に実施され,2021年に延長された税免除措置の有効性を評価し,周辺の大学の減少を緩和する.
- これらの政策がイタリアの中央地域と周辺地域の大学への誘致率と留学率に与える影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 免税と奨学金の大学入学と人事への影響の分析
- 政策の有効性を評価し,中央大学の留学生と,周辺の大学の留学生を引き付ける.
- 周辺の大学が社会に与える影響を高めるための政策の可能性を評価する.
主要な成果:
- 税金免除と助成金の増加は,中央大学の学生と教員の留学率に好影響を与える.
- これらの財政的インセンティブは,周辺の大学への誘致率を大幅に高め,新しい学生と教員を引き付けます.
- 研究された政策は,周辺地域の大学の存在を強化する能力を示しています.
結論:
- 税金免除と奨学金は,イタリアの周辺大学の衰退に対処するための効果的な政策ツールです.
- これらの措置は,疎外状態を逆転させ,大学が発展途上地域において社会的な影響を 継続的に生み出すことを保証します.
- 政策の継続的な支援は,イタリア全土の大学の活力と市民的役割を維持するために不可欠です.
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