ニューフォレストのイクソデス・リシヌスとダニ媒介の病原体に対する大型飼いの役割 - 将来の野生化した風景に関するケーススタディ
Sara L Gandy1, Faye V Brown1, Nicola J Jones1
1Medical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK.
Ticks and tick-borne diseases
|August 30, 2025
まとめ
家畜による保全の放牧は,ダニの密度を低下させ,ダニによるいくつかの病気のリスクを低下させる可能性があります. この慣行は,特定のBorrelia遺伝子種の流行を減少させるかもしれないが,Anaplasma phagocytophilumの流行を減少させない.
科学分野:
- エコロジー
- 獣医学昆虫学
- 病気 エコロジー
背景:
- 環境保護の放牧は 生息地を管理するために家畜を利用し 生態学的な利益をもたらします
- 家畜はダニや病原菌の宿主となり,ダニによる病気のリスクを高める可能性があります.
- 病原体であるBorrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l. 保護牧草は病害の危険を減らせる可能性があることを示唆している.
研究 の 目的:
- ティックの密度と病原菌の流行に対する 保護放牧の影響を調べる
- 媒介病原体の伝播動態における家畜の放牧の役割を評価する.
主な方法:
- イギリス南部のニューフォレストで ペアリングされた実験が行われ,牧草地と牧草地のない (閉じられた) 土地を比較した.
- クエストリングイクソデス・リシヌス (Ixodes ricinus) のニンフは2021年から2023年の間に20箇所から収集された.
- ニンフはBorrelia burgdorferi s. l. の検査を受けた. アナプラズマ・ファゴシトフィラム ゲノス種に特化した
主要な成果:
- 牧草は地面の植物の高さと Ixodes ricinusのニンフスの密度を大幅に減少させた.
- Borrelia burgdorferi s. l. に関するニンファ感染の流行や感染ニンファの密度における有意な差異は見つかりませんでした. アナプラズマ・ファゴサイトフィラムは 飼育された場所と飼育されていない場所の間で発生します
- Borrelia gariniiとBorrelia valaisianaに感染したニンファの密度は,牧草地では低かった.
結論:
- ポニーや牛による保護の放牧は,植生の下層の改変による可能性が高いため,全体的なの密度を減らすことができます.
- この方法は,特定のBorrelia burgdorferi s.l.の病気の危険性を低下させる可能性があります. アナプラズマファゴシトフィラムの流行に影響を与えないようです.
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