アメリカ合衆国における州別妊婦死亡率の動向 (2018年−2023年)
Lauren M Rossen1, Donna L Hoyert2, Isabelle Horon2
1Division of Research and Methodology, National Center for Health Statistics, CDC.
American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
|August 30, 2025
まとめ
米国では,主にCOVID-19による妊産婦死亡率が急上昇し,その後減少した. 州レベルでの分析は大きな違いを示し,母親の健康状態へのパンデミックの影響を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- エピデミオロジー
- バイオ統計学
背景:
- 米国では2018年以降の妊産婦死亡率が上昇し,2021年にピークに達し,2022年から2023年に減少した.
- 州レベルでの妊産婦死亡傾向は,州別での年間死亡数が少ないため,以前は検討されていなかった.
- 小規模領域の推定モデルは,信頼できる州レベルの産婦人死亡率の推定を生成するための方法を提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- 2018年から2023年の産婦人死亡率の動向を分析する.
- 産婦人死亡率の動向に対するCOVID-19関連死亡の貢献を決定する.
主な方法:
- 国家生命統計システム (2018年−2023年) のデータを活用した連続的な横断的な研究が行われました.
- 4,964人の妊婦の死亡と 22,080,966人の生児を含む.
- スペース・タイム・ランダム効果を持つ階層的なベイジアンモデルは,滑らかな速度の推定に使用された.
主要な成果:
- 各州の妊産婦死亡率は2021年にピークに達し,2022年から2023年に減少しました.
- 州レベルでの有意な変動が観察された.例えば,テネシー州の2021年の割合はカリフォルニアの4.6倍であった.
- COVID-19による死亡は,ほとんどの州で観察された妊産婦死亡率の増加の主な要因でした.
結論:
- COVID-19は,州別での妊産婦死亡率の傾向に大きく影響し,2020年と2021年の増加をほぼ完全に説明しました.
- 高い死亡率の地域で標的を絞った介入を導き,低死亡率の地域で保護要因を特定することができます.
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