避妊薬の持続的な効果は,安全な環境に対する恐怖反応に起因する
Lisa-Marie Davignon1,2, Alexandra Brouillard1,2, Marie-France Marin3,4
1Research Center of the Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l'Est-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, 7331 Hochelaga Street, Montreal, QC, Canada.
まとめ
口服避妊薬 (OC) の使用は,特に高用量では,安全性信号に影響することで,恐怖の調節を損なう. これらの効果は,OCsを中止した後でも持続し,女性の文脈的な恐怖記憶に影響します.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 内分泌学
- 心理学
背景:
- エストラディオール (E2) は恐怖の調節に影響するが,人間の文脈的な恐怖のシグナル伝達におけるその役割は不明である.
- 動物実験では 外生的なE2は 恐怖を安全な状況に一般化させることが示唆されています
- 以前の人間の研究では 状況に特化した恐怖記憶ではなく キューに関連した恐怖に焦点を当てていました
研究 の 目的:
- ホルモンの状態と経口避妊薬 (OC) の使用が人間における文脈的な恐怖反応にどのように影響するかを調査する.
- 恐怖に対するOC関連の効果が長期にわたって持続し,投与量に依存するかどうかを判断する.
- OCの影響を受けた状況恐怖の 神経的相関を調べるため
主な方法:
- 147人の健康な参加者 (男性,サイクリング女性,OC使用者) に2日間の恐怖条件付けと絶滅プロトコルを使用しました.
- 参加者は脅威の状況 (CX+) で条件付けを受け,安全状況 (CX-) で消滅しました.
- 背景への恐怖の帰還は皮膚の伝導性と脳活動 (海馬と中腹前頭皮質) を用いて測定された.
主要な成果:
- 現在および過去のOC使用者は,安全状況 (CX-) に戻る恐怖が増加したことを示しました.
- 高用量エチニルエストラディオール (EE) の使用者は,決して使用していないユーザーよりもCX- 恐怖のリターンを示した.
- 生物学的性別と内生的なE2レベルは文脈的な恐怖に影響を与えなかった.
結論:
- 口服避妊薬の使用,特に高用量のEEは,安全性信号を文脈から取り出すことを妨げます.
- 文脈的な恐怖の調節に対するこれらの効果は,OCを中止した後も持続することがあります.
- 外因性ホルモン,特にOCsは,女性の文脈的な恐怖記憶の重要な調節剤です.
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