ヨーロッパトップ10のサッカーリーグにおけるポジショナルの相対年齢効果
Mücahit Işık1, Mehmet Yavuz2, Osman Dişçeken2
1Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Nevsehir, Orcid, Turkey. isik.mucahit.isik@gmail.com.tr.
BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation
|August 30, 2025
まとめ
比較的年齢効果 (RAE) は,ヨーロッパのトップリーグでは,Q1で生まれた選手が過度に存在しています. この効果は,すべてのポジション,特にゴールキーパーに存在し,リーグによって異なります.
科学分野:
- スポーツ科学
- 人間 運動 科学
- スポーツ心理学
背景:
- 相対年齢効果 (RAE) は以前,欧州サッカー連盟 (UEFA) のトップリーグで特定されました.
- この効果は2016-2017年シーズンのディフェンダーとミッドフィールドの間で特に顕著でした.
- この研究は,現代のプロフットボールにおけるRAEの持続とニュアンスについて調査しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 2023-2024シーズンにおけるUEFAトップ10のプロサッカーリーグにおける相対年齢効果 (RAE) の持続性を調査する.
- プレーヤーのプレーポジション (ゴールキーパー,ディフェンダー,ミッドフィールド,フォワード) に基づいてRAEの変動を分析する.
- 各リーグのRAEの違いを調査する.
主な方法:
- 5,238人のプロのサッカー選手の誕生日とプレーポジションの分析
- RAEを評価するために4つの四分位 (Q1-Q4) に誕生日を分類する.
- RAEの詳細な検討は,プレーポジションによって,そして個々のリーグで.
主要な成果:
- Q1 (1月~3月) に生まれた選手は,Q4 (10月~12月) に生まれた選手 (20.5%) に比べて,有意に過剰に代表された (30.3%).
- RAEは,プレミアリーグのような顕著な例外を除いて,分析されたほとんどのリーグで統計的に有意であった.
- RAEはすべてのプレーポジションで観察され,ゴールキーパーは最も顕著な効果を示しました.
結論:
- 相対的な年齢効果は,トップリーグのプロフットボールにおいて重要な要因であり続けています.
- RAEは全てのプレーヤーのポジションに存在し, システム的な影響を示しています.
- リーグ特有の文脈は,RAEの顕現と強度に影響を与えます.
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