注意欠陥多動性障害を持つ子供および青少年における実行機能に対する有酸素運動の効果:ランダム化比較試験のシステマティックレビューとメタ解析

Pengfei Wang¹, Fengshuo Rao², Zikang Xu³

¹School of Physical Education and Health, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China.

BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation

|August 30, 2025

まとめ

エアロビック運動は抑制制御,作業記憶,認知の柔軟性といった実行機能を著しく改善します 12週間以上続く慢性的な運動プログラムで最適な結果が得られます.

科学分野:

神経科学
小児科
運動科学

背景:

エアロビック運動は実行機能に有益です
注意欠陥多動性障害 (ADHD) の子供への影響については,さらなる調査が必要である.

研究の目的:

ADHDの子供と青少年に対する有酸素運動介入に関するランダム化比較試験 (RCT) を体系的に検討する.
この集団における執行機能の強化のための証拠に基づいた勧告を提供すること.

主な方法:

複数のデータベースの包括的な体系的な検索が行われました.
ADHD (6歳から18歳) の668人の子供と青少年を対象とした16件のRCTを含む.
介入効果の評価にはメタ分析とネットワークメタ分析が用いられました.

主要な成果:

アエロビック運動は抑制制御,作業記憶,認知の柔軟性に適度な効果を示した.
ボールを使ったエアロビック運動は抑制制御の改善を最大限に示した.
介入の期間,頻度,セッションの長さ,および強度は有効性に影響した.

結論:

エアロビック運動はADHDの子どもと青年の実行機能を大きく改善します
推奨される介入:慢性的な運動,≥12週間,週3〜5回,≥60分/セッション,適度な強度.
異なるエアロビック運動は抑制制御に異なる影響を及ぼし,特別な注意を払う必要があります.

キーワード:

ADHD について青少年エアロビック運動子供たち実行機能メタ解析ネットワークメタ解析体系的なレビュー

さらに関連する動画

10:02

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

15.9K

05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.8K

関連する概念動画

01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

289

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....

289

01:17

Exercise and Cardiac Output

1.3K

Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...

1.3K

01:30

Information Processing Approach

154

The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...

154

01:20

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

1.1K

Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...