土壌の微生物群と抗菌剤耐性遺伝子の濃縮

Getahun E Agga¹, Torey Looft², Karamat R Sistani¹

¹United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Food Animal Environmental Systems Research Unit, Bowling Green, KY, USA.

The Science of the total environment

|August 31, 2025

まとめ

鶏のゴミは,主に栄養素の濃縮ではなく,直接の移転により,微生物と抗菌剤耐性遺伝子を土壌に添加します. これは土壌の健康と農業に影響を及ぼします

科学分野:

農業科学
環境微生物学
土壌科学

背景:

鶏のゴミ (PL) は化学肥料を代用する一般的な土壌補給物です.
PLの適用は,微生物の負荷と抗菌剤耐性遺伝子を土壌で増加させる可能性があります.

研究の目的:

土壌の微生物群とレジストームプロフィールに対する PL 適用の影響を調査する.
化学肥料 (CF) と未処理コントロール (UC) の処理とPL修正を比較する.

主な方法:

異なる時間点 (d0,d7,d28) でUC,CF,PL処理を受けたトウモロコシの土壌全体のDNAのショットガンシーケンシング.
比較のためにPLから複合DNAサンプルをシーケンシングする.
微生物の組成,多様性,遺伝子の豊富さを評価するためのメタゲノミクス分析.

主要な成果:

PLの適用は,土壌におけるアクティノミセトータとプセドモナドータ属の豊富さを著しく増加させた.
ガンマプロテオバクテリア,サカロミセト,特定の微生物種,機能遺伝子,毒性因子,抗菌剤耐性遺伝子 (特にマクロライドス-リンコサミドス-ストレプトグラムリン-MLS) の濃縮が,PL修正土壌で観察された.
PL微生物群は,修正された土壌微生物群と異なるので,主なメカニズムとして栄養素の濃縮が示唆されています.

結論:

鶏のゴミは,土壌の微生物群を大きく変化させ,土壌の耐性を高める.
微生物の直接的な移転ではなく栄養素の濃縮がこれらの変化の要因であると考えられます
これらの変化を理解することは持続可能な農業の実践と抗菌剤耐性の管理に不可欠です

キーワード:

抗生物質に耐性がある機能的経路遺伝子ミクロバイオーム鶏のゴミの土壌変更ショットガンメタゲノミクスウイルス性遺伝子

さらに関連する動画

13:23

A Protocol for Collecting and Constructing Soil Core Lysimeters

Published on: June 6, 2016

11.8K

07:42

Quantification of the Potential Impact of Glyphosate-Based Products on Microbiomes

Published on: January 10, 2022

4.3K

関連する概念動画

01:30

Environmental Applications of Microorganisms

222

Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...

222

01:27

Microorganisms in Agriculture and Food industry

339

Microorganisms play a crucial role in agriculture and the food industry, contributing to soil fertility, crop protection, and food production. Their functions range from nitrogen fixation and biopesticide production to fermentation and food preservation, making them indispensable to sustainable farming and food safety.Role in AgricultureNitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Rhizobium (symbiotic) and Azotobacter (free-living), convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia through biological nitrogen...

339

01:28

Biological Methods for Microbial Control

199

Biological agents offer an effective means of controlling microbial growth by leveraging natural processes like predation, competition, and the secretion of antimicrobial substances.Predatory bacteria such as Bdellovibrio species target and kill pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli. They are widely used in poultry farms to control infections. Myxococcus species help combat plant-pathogenic fungi. These naturally occurring predators serve as eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides and...

199

02:11

The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition

40.8K

Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.

40.8K

01:26

Transformation

Microbial communities are dynamic environments where cell lysis releases free DNA into the surroundings. Other cells can take up this extracellular DNA through a process known as transformation.When a cell incorporates this foreign DNA into its genome, resulting in genetic modification, the process is known as transformation. Cells capable of this process are termed competent. Competence can be natural, as observed in certain bacteria and archaea, or artificially induced in the...

関連する実験動画