中等度の急性栄養失調の子どもに対する栄養介入の有効性:2023年の経済危機におけるスリランカでのランダム化制御試験
Guwani Liyanage1,2, Sembakuttige Amali Chinthika Dalpatadu2,3, Jagath C Ranasinghe2,4
1Department of Paediatrics, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
Food and nutrition bulletin
|September 1, 2025
まとめ
追加的な栄養介入により,スリランカの経済危機の間,中程度の急性栄養失調 (MAM) の子どもたちの体重と身長のスコアと食事の多様性が著しく改善されました. これは,緊急事態の時に ターゲットにされた食糧安全保障プログラムの必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 栄養学
- 小児科
背景:
- 栄養不良は 世界的に深刻な健康問題であり 特に5歳未満の子供たちに 影響しています
- 経済危機は 栄養失調を悪化させ 効果的な介入が必要になります
- 適度な急性栄養失調 (MAM) は,適時かつ有意な栄養支援を必要とします.
研究 の 目的:
- MAMの子ども (6~59ヶ月) の成長,食事の多様性,およびヘモグロビンに対する追加の栄養介入の影響を評価する.
- スリランカの2023年の経済危機における介入の有効性を評価する.
- 危機に瀕した集団における効果的な栄養戦略の証拠を提供すること
主な方法:
- MAMを患った6~59ヶ月の510人の患者を対象としたランダム化対照試験.
- 子供たちは介入グループ (食事の移送,栄養教育) または対照グループ (標準ケア) に割り当てられました.
- 成長パラメータ,食事の多様性,そして6ヶ月のフォローアップにおけるヘモグロビン濃度,および混同因子の回帰分析が測定された.
主要な成果:
- 介入グループは,対照群と比較して,体重対身長zスコアの改善率が著しく高かった.
- 食事の多様性は介入グループで著しく改善された.
- 発育阻害や体重不足の割合は,グループによって有意な差異は認められなかった.
結論:
- 栄養介入は,MAMの子どもたちの体重対身長zスコアと食事の多様性を効果的に改善しました.
- 危機の時に効果的な栄養回復のために,栄養に適した,標的を絞った食糧安全保障の介入が不可欠です.
- この調査結果は,経済不安定期における積極的な栄養支援の重要性を強調しています.
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