何がどこで効くのか? そしてなぜか? コミュニティ,教育,臨床環境における自殺に関連する結果に対処するデジタル介入の体系的なレビューとメタ分析
Natasha Josifovski1, Sylvia Eugene Dit Rochesson1, Quincy Jj Wong1,2
1Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
The International journal of social psychiatry
|September 1, 2025
まとめ
デジタル介入は コミュニティや臨床での 自殺思考を 効果的に減らすことができます しかし,教育環境での有効性や自殺傾向の減少に関する証拠は,現在不足しています.
科学分野:
- デジタルメンタルヘルスの介入
- 自殺について
- 証拠に基づいた実践
背景:
- 自殺予防のデジタル介入は有望ですが 迅速なフィールド開発により 更新された証拠が必要です
- デジタル介入の最適な実施環境を理解することは極めて重要です
研究 の 目的:
- デジタル自殺予防介入の現代的な見直しを行うこと
- これらの介入が最も有効な環境を特定する.
主な方法:
- PRISMAのガイドラインに従ってメタ分析が行われました.
- PubMed/Medline,PsycINFO,Cochrane Centralで2024年2月までのランダム化試験について検索しました.
- 介入は,発症状況 (臨床,コミュニティ,教育) とタイプ (直接/間接) によって分類され,自殺思考と行動への影響を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 46件の論文 (48件の試験) が含まれており,その大半は地域社会での直接介入 (56.3%) であった.
- 臨床 (g=0. 35) とコミュニティ (g=0. 10) で観察された自殺思考の有意な減少.
- 教育環境における自殺思考や自殺行動に 重要な影響はない.
結論:
- デジタル介入は 臨床やコミュニティでの 自殺思考の減少に 有効です
- 現在の証拠は 教育環境におけるデジタル介入の有効性や 自殺傾向の減少を 裏付けていません
- 介入の設計の特徴は,これまで考えられていたよりも有効性への影響が少ないかもしれません.
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