オープンウォーターの水泳における高温症:リスク,モニタリング,緩和戦略
Eduardo Ramos da Silva1,2, Rodrigo Zacca3,4,5,6, Iñigo Mujika7,8
1Colégio Militar de Porto Alegre (CMPA), Avenida José Bonifácio 363, 90040-130, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
European journal of applied physiology
|September 1, 2025
まとめ
熱帯水域での泳ぎは 温度調節を阻害し 健康リスクを増大させ 運動能力を低下させます 効果的な冷却戦略と ウェアラブル技術は 競技者の安全と 競争の成功に不可欠です
科学分野:
- スポーツ科学
- 環境生理学
- 人間 の 健康
背景:
- オープンウォータースイミング (OWS) は,環境条件により独特の温度調節上の課題を提示しています.
- 暑い気候はこれらの課題を悪化させ スポーツ選手の熱的安定性を損なう可能性があります
研究 の 目的:
- 熱帯気候におけるOWSの健康リスク,性能への影響,コア温度測定の実現可能性,および冷却戦略を調査する.
- OWSコンペティション中の熱障害の基礎となる生理学的メカニズムについて議論する.
主な方法:
- 科学文献の総合的なレビューが行われました.
- 主要なデータベース (PubMed,SCOPUS,EMBASE,Web of Science) での系統的な検索により,4610件の研究が特定されました.
- 分析のために全文のレビュー後に20件の研究が含まれました.
主要な成果:
- 高い水温 (31°C近く) は,OWSの性能に悪影響を及ぼし,健康上のリスクを高めます.
- 熱ストレスは脱水,心温上昇,心血管のストレスを引き起こします.
- 冷却戦略 (冷却前および冷却後の) は有望ですが,OWSでは物流上の課題に直面しています.ウェアラブルTCモニタリングは安全性と性能管理を改善します.
結論:
- OWSの高温は大きな懸念事項であり,熱と太陽放射線によって悪化し,性能と安全性に影響します.
- 前冷却と後冷却は,OWSの熱負荷を軽減するために不可欠です.
- ウェアラブル生理学的モニタリングは,個々の体温の理解を高め,競技戦略とアスリートの安全性を最適化します.
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