2001年から2019年までの年齢と性別によるオピオイド処方における国際的傾向: 18カ国と1つの特別行政区の人口ベースのデータベースを使用した観察研究
Adrienne Y L Chan1,2,3,4, Shahram Bahmanyar5, Kebede Beyene6
1Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
CNS drugs
|September 1, 2025
まとめ
オピオイドの処方量は 世界的に異なるが 収束の兆しがある. 女性と高齢者はオピオイド鎮痛剤の処方率が高く,痛みの管理における重要な人口統計学的違いを強調しています.
科学分野:
- 薬理学と公衆衛生
- 痛み管理の流行病学
- 世界保健政策
背景:
- オピオイド鎮痛剤の処方パターンは,国際的に顕著に変化しています.
- これらの傾向を理解することは 効果的な公衆衛生戦略と 痛みの管理に不可欠です
- 過去の研究ではオピオイド使用の格差が示されましたが,性別と年齢による包括的な多国籍データは限られています.
研究 の 目的:
- オピオイド鎮痛剤の処方に関する世界的な傾向とパターンを分析する.
- オピオイドの処方における性別と年齢の違いを複数の国で調査する
- 薬の処方慣行における 潜在的収束や相違を 特定する.
主な方法:
- 共通のプロトコルで19カ国/地域 (2001年−2019年) の人口ベースのデータベースを利用した.
- 人口100人あたりのオピオイドの処方率,発生率,非発生率を測定した.
- 傾向,地理的差異,人口統計的要因 (性別,年齢) を評価するためにメタ分析と多変量分析を使用した.
主要な成果:
- 248万人以上の個人を含め,多国籍オピオイドの処方率を合計して9.0%でした.
- 地域的に有意な差異が見られ,2015年の流行率は2.7% (日本) から19.7% (アイスランド) であった.
- オピオイドの処方頻度は,米国で減少し,韓国では増加し,異なる傾向を示した.
結論:
- オピオイドの処方量は 世界的に不均一だが 地域間の収束傾向を示している.
- 性別と年齢に関連したオピオイドの処方パターンの有意な違いが特定されました.
- これらの発見は,これらの人口格差の要因を対象とした介入とさらなる調査の必要性を強調しています.
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