自閉症の子供と若者の精神的健康と神経発達状態の共存の初期診断パターン:カナダの全国的に代表的なサンプルからの証拠
Yun-Ju Chen1,2,3, Meng-Chuan Lai4,5,6,7,8,9, Stelios Georgiades1
1Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines
|September 1, 2025
まとめ
後年になって診断される自閉症の子供には 併存する症状が多く 性別が 精神疾患の診断のタイミングに影響します 自閉症の年齢と性別に 合わせた支援は不可欠です
科学分野:
- 神経発達障害
- 児童・青少年精神科
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- 自閉症の人は しばしば 併存する健康状態があります
- 性別や年齢による自閉症の診断のタイミングは 十分に研究されていません
- この研究は自閉症の子供や若者の診断タイミングを 調べています
研究 の 目的:
- 自閉症の子供や若者の精神的健康と神経発達状態の初期診断のパターンを調査する.
- 自閉症の診断の性別や年齢によって これらのパターンがどのように変化するか分析します
- 機能的困難と多発性状態を特定されたサブグループで比較する.
主な方法:
- 2019年カナダの子ども・若者健康調査 (CHSCY) のコホートから得られたデータを使用した.
- 自閉症の子どもと若者776人 (5~17歳) が含まれており,その82%が出生時に男性であった.
- 診断年齢に基づいてサブグループを特定するために,複数のグループによる潜在クラス分析を行いました.
主要な成果:
- 性別ごとに4つの潜在的サブグループが特定され,主に自閉症診断年齢によって異なります.
- 最大のサブグループ (46%) は3歳から5歳の間に自閉症と診断されました.
- 後期の自閉症診断 (6歳以降) は,より多くの共存状態と関連しており,女性では精神疾患の診断率が高かった.
結論:
- 併存疾患の診断のタイミングは 自閉症の診断の年齢によって大きく変化しました
- 特に不安やADHDの診断において 性別特有のパターンが見られた.
- 自閉症の診断のタイミングと性別を考慮して 継続的なモニタリングと 合わせた支援が不可欠です
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