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乾燥口を患っているがんのない高齢者の栄養状態 - メタ解析と体系的レビュー
Sanjana Santhosh Kumar1, Raquel Cantillo1, Xiuhui Xu1
1Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, USA.
Journal of dentistry
|September 1, 2025
まとめ
低唾液症 (口の乾燥) は,老人の栄養失調と関連しており,噛むこと,飲み込むこと,味覚に影響します. 栄養不足を予防し 健康を改善するために 乾燥口の早期発見と治療は不可欠です
科学分野:
- ゲロントロジーと栄養科学
- 口腔衛生と全身疾患
背景:
- 高齢者は生理学的変化,慢性疾患,薬剤,社会経済的要因,口腔の健康不良により 栄養不足のリスクが高まります.
- 乾燥口は高齢者の間でよく見られる症状で 口腔機能や全体的な健康に重大な影響を及ぼします
研究 の 目的:
- がんのない高齢者の低塩分と栄養状態の関連性を体系的に検討し,検討する.
- この集団における低塩分化,口乾性,栄養不良の総発生率を推定する.
主な方法:
- 縦断的,横断的,および症例対照的研究の体系的なレビューとメタ解析.
- 2024年12月までのデータはPubMed,CINAHL,Web of Science,およびEmbaseから得られた.
- 質とバイアスを評価し,異質性を評価した.
主要な成果:
- 含まれた13の研究では,低塩分と栄養失調との間に有意な関連が報告されました.
- よく報告された問題には,噛み傷,飲み込みの困難,味の敏感性の低下が含まれています.
- クセロストミアの総発生率は38% (95%CI: 22~57%) で,栄養失調率は55% (95%CI: 34~7%) であり,異質性が顕著でした.
結論:
- 低塩分化症は,主に口腔機能と栄養素の摂取を損なうことで,がんのない高齢者の栄養不良と強く関連しています.
- 乾燥口の早期発見と治療は 栄養上の問題を予防し 生活の質を改善するために不可欠です
- 発見の多様性は,標準化された診断基準と唾液機能と老化に関するさらなる縦断的な研究の必要性を強調しています.
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