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喫煙と大動脈動脈瘤のリスク イギリスのバイオバンク
Lili Zheng1, Ghaliah Baroom1, Rida E Z Naqvi1
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 90 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
Scientific reports
|September 1, 2025
まとめ
喫煙は,特に腹部と破裂型の大動脈瘤のリスクを大幅に増加させます. しかし30年間禁煙すると リスクは決して喫煙していない人のレベルまで減り 禁煙の取り組みを支えるのです
科学分野:
- 心血管研究
- 公衆衛生
- 流行病学について
背景:
- 喫煙は主動脈動脈瘤の危険因子として知られています.
- 特定の大動脈動脈瘤のサブサイトと喫煙の関連性に関する研究は限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- UK Biobank のデータを用いて喫煙指標,禁煙,大動脈動脈瘤の発生率とサブサイトとの関連を調査する.
- 異なる喫煙レベルと禁煙期間に関連したリスクを定量化するために,様々な主動脈動脈瘤のタイプ.
主な方法:
- イギリスのバイオバンク参加者 (495,993人,年齢37~73歳) の分析.
- 危険比率 (HR) と95%信頼区間 (CI) を推定するためにコックスの比例的危険モデルを使用した.
- 12. 3年の追跡期間で,発生した主動脈動脈瘤の症例と死亡が確認されました.
主要な成果:
- 喫煙者は,決して喫煙していない人と比較して,大動脈動脈瘤のリスクが4. 32倍も高かった.
- タバコを1日20本以上吸うとリスクは5.67倍に増加し,パック年数と期間も同様です.
- 禁煙期間 ≥30年間は,決して喫煙していない人と同じレベルまでリスクが低下した (HR 0. 22).
- 腹部,胸腔腹部,破裂,および未特定の大動脈瘤では強い関連性が見られたが,胸腔大動脈瘤は認められなかった.
結論:
- 喫煙は,大動脈動脈瘤とほとんどのサブタイプのリスクの増加と強く関連しています.
- 長い禁煙期間 (≥30年) は,このリスクを大幅に軽減します.
- 発見は,大動脈瘤の負担を減らすために喫煙予防と禁煙のための公衆衛生戦略を支持します.
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