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コミュニティの資格規定への参加 - 2014年から2020年にかけての米国の無料学校給食政策
Anna M Localio1, Melissa A Knox2, Paul L Hebert3,4
1Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, School of Public Health, 3980 15 Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. alocalio@uw.edu.
Journal of public health policy
|September 1, 2025
まとめ
ユニバーサル・フリー・スクール・メーリング政策であるコミュニティ・エリジビリティ・プロビジションは,高校,小さな地区,郊外地域,そしてメディケイドの拡大しない州で参加率が低いことを示した. 採用の障壁を克服することは 公平なアクセスを確保するための鍵です
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 教育政策
- 栄養 プログラム
背景:
- コミュニティ・エリジビリティ・プロビジション (CEP) は,米国で無料の学校給食を提供しています.
- 栄養プログラムへの公平なアクセスには,CEPの採用に影響を与える要因を理解することが重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- CEP参加と学校や地域レベルの特徴の関連性を評価する.
- 2014年から2020年までの関連変化を検証する.
- CEPの採用における格差を特定する.
主な方法:
- 地区クラスター化標準エラーによるロジスティック回帰モデルの分析.
- 全国全体で 53,391 の適格な学校を対象とした.
- 2014年から2020年までの参加傾向の検討
主要な成果:
- 調整されたCEP参加率は,高校 (3.8 pp),小区 (8.9 pp),郊外の学校 (10.9 pp),およびメディケイドの拡大しない州 (13.3 pp) で低い.
- 多数ヒスパニック系の学校では 黒人の学校と比較して 時間が経つにつれ 参加率が減った.
- 様々な学校や地域の特徴によって,CEPの採用における大きな格差が確認されました.
結論:
- CEPの採用は不均等に分布しており,特定の学校や場所では参加率が低い.
- 無料の学校給食への平等なアクセスを実現するには,不足している学校での政策採択の障壁に対処することが不可欠です.
- 対象となるすべての生徒がCEPの恩恵を受けられるようにするため,政策の介入が必要かもしれません.
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