統合失調症の高齢者の家族介護者の負担を管理するための介入モデルの開発と試験
Osuolale John Makanjuola1, Winnie Baphumelele Ngcobo2
1School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 238 Masizi Kunene Road, Glenwood, Durban, 4041, South Africa. 222037636@stu.ukzn.ac.za.
BMC nursing
|September 1, 2025
まとめ
精神分裂症の介護者の負担は 経済的・情緒的ストレスによって 大きくなります 新しいモデルである統合失調症の高齢者の家族介護者モデル (FCOPSM) は,この負担を軽減し,介護者の福祉を向上させるという見込みを示しています.
科学分野:
- ゲロントロジー
- 精神科
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- 統合失調症は 家族の介護者にとって 大きな負担となり 財政や医療へのアクセスや知識に 影響を及ぼします
- 統合失調症の高齢者は 資源の限られた環境で 介護をするというユニークな課題を 抱えています
研究 の 目的:
- ナイジェリア南西部の統合失調症の高齢者の介護者向けに,文化に合わせた介入モデル (FCOPSM) を開発し,試験的に実施する.
- 介護者の多面的な負担に対処する 財政的負担,感情的苦痛,社会的支援の不足など
主な方法:
- Zarit Burden InterviewとWHOQOL-BREF (N=340) と深層面談 (N=20) を利用したコンバージェント混合方法の設計.
- FCOPSMの開発と専門家の検証 (コンテンツ有効性指数=0.96),精神教育,スキルトレーニング,サポート,アドボカシー,および汚名を軽減する統合.
- 医療従事者と精神科の看護師による2段階のパイロットテストで 実現可能性と効果を評価する.
主要な成果:
- 介護者の半数以上 (52.6%) は,主に財政的制約や感情的ストレスが原因で重荷を負っていると報告しています.
- 重要な割合 (34.4%) が社会支援の不足を経験した.
- パイロットテストは実現可能性を示し,介護者は知識の向上,ストレス管理,負荷の低下を示しました (p<0.05).
結論:
- FCOPSMは,統合失調症に関連する介護の負担を管理する介護者と医療従事者の能力を高めるための,文化的に適応した予備的な枠組みを提供します.
- このモデルはナイジェリアの文脈で実現可能性と前向きな結果を示した.
- 資源の限られた環境におけるFCOPSMのスケーラビリティと長期的な効果を評価するために,さらなる研究が必要である.
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