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アレカナッツを併用した無煙タバコ使用者における潜在的悪性疾患の発生率:メタ解析
Gowri Sivaramakrishnan1, Kannan Sridharan2
1Bahrain Defence Force Royal Medical Services, Riffa, Bahrain.
まとめ
喫煙しないたばこ (SLT) の使用は,口腔潜在悪性疾患 (OPMD) を著しく増加させます. タバコとアレカナッツのSLTは,たばこのみのSLTよりも,特に口腔下粘膜線維症と発育不全のリスクが高い.
科学分野:
- 口腔病理について
- 公衆衛生
- タバコの規制
背景:
- 無煙タバコの使用は,口腔の潜在的悪性疾患 (OPMDs) の主要な世界的なリスク因子です.
- 特に,たばこのみと,たばことアレカナッツの組み合わせによるSLT製品の成分が,OPMDの流行に与える具体的な影響は,十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- タバコのみのSLTと,たばことアレカナッツを含むSLTの使用者の間でOPMDの集団的流行を比較する.
主な方法:
- PRISMAのガイドラインに従って,体系的なレビューとメタ分析が行われました.
- 電子データベースを検索し,現在のSLT使用者の間でOPMDの流行を報告した研究も含まれました.
- ランダム効果モデルを用いて集団的流行率の推定を計算し,感度分析を行った.
主要な成果:
- 33件の研究 (62,680人のSLT使用者) が含まれており,たばこのみのSLT使用者 (10. 4%) と比較して,たばことアレクナナッツのSLT使用者 (16. 3%) のOPMDの有意な高まりを示した.
- タバコとアレカナッツの使用は,特に南アジアでは,口腔下粘膜性線維症 (33%) と発育不良 (16%) の高い罹患率と関連していました.
- タバコのみのSLTは主に白血病 (18%) とリケーン・プランス/リケノイド反応 (15%) と関連していた. OPMDの非特異的な診断の割合が高かった.
結論:
- 喫煙しないたばこの使用は,口腔の潜在的悪性疾患 (OPMD) の世界的な負担に大きく寄与しています.
- タバコのアレカナッツSLTは,たばこのみのSLTと比較して,特に口腔下粘膜性線維症と発育不全のリスクプロファイルが高くなります.
- 特に南アジアでは緊急に公衆衛生の介入が必要であり,将来の研究で正確な製品分類と標準化されたOPMD診断を強調する必要があります.
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